G. Don. A general history of the dichlamydeous plants. 4.

(Above title appeared first on new t.p. supplied with vol. 4. Original t.p. , read: 'A general system of gardening , “and botany, etc.' See preface to vol. 4, and Pritzel 2366)

GENERAL HISTORY

OF THE

DILGHEAMYDEOUS PLANTS,

COMPRISING COMPLETE

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DIFFERENT ORDERS;

TOGETHER WITH THE

CHARACTERS OF THE GENERA AND SPECIES, AND AN ENUMERATION OF THE CULTIVATED VARIETIES; THEIR PLACES OF GROWTH, TIME OF FLOWERING, MODE OF CULTURE, AND USES IN MEDICINE AND DOMESTIC ECONOMY ; THE SCIENTIFIC NAMES ACCENTUATED, THEIR ETYMOLOGIES EXPLAINED, AND THE CLASSES AND ORDERS ILLUSTRATED BY ENGRAVINGS, AND PRECEDED BY INTRODUCTIONS TO THE LINN/EAN AND NATURAL SYSTEMS,

AND A GLOSSARY OF THE TERMS USED:

THE WHOLE

ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THE NATURAL SYSTEM.

BY GEORGE DON, F.L.S.

IN FOUR VOLUMES.

Vor. IV. —OROLLIFLOR.

— LONDON:

PRINTED FOR J. G. AND F. RIVINGTON; J. AND W. T. CLARKE; LONGMAN AND CO.; T. CADELL ; J, RICHARDSON ; JEFFERY AND SON; BALDWIN AND CRADOCK ; J. BOOKER; J. BOOTH; HARVEY AND DARTON ; S. BAGSTER; SHERWOOD AND CO.; HARDING AND LEPARD; J. F. SETCHEL; WHITTAKER AND CO.; SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL; AND E. HODGSON.

APR26 1923

C PDEN m

MDCCCXXXVIII.

LONDON: GILBERT & RIVINGTON, PRINTERS, ST, JOHN’S SQUARE.

Tuer Proprietors take this opportunity of explaining the circumstances under which they find themselves reluctantly obliged to close the Work at its present stage. At the commencement of the undertaking the Editor arranged with them to complete it in Four Volumes ; but when the present or fourth volume was printed, he informed them for the first time, to their surprise, that his materials had proved so much more voluminous than he anticipated, that the descriptions of the remaining plants would fill more than two additional volumes of the same extent. They are compelled to add, that the circulation of the Work has hitherto been too limited to afford them any prospect of reimbursement of the large additional expense which would be incurred if they proceeded to complete the Work ; an expense which they had not originally contemplated. As, however, the Work has been compiled upon the Natural System, the description of that division of the science which is contained in the . four published. volumes is complete, and the volumes are consequently not, dn this respect, rendered imperfect by the absence of the remaining two, since they contain a complete account of the Dichlamydeous plants. In justice to the Editor they feel bound to add, that he has spared no labour to render the Work as comprehensive and perfect as possible ; and they are confident that no publication has hitherto appeared in this country which contains nearly so large a compass of valuable information upon that division of Botany of which it treats. "They can only account for the confined circulation which the present Work has hitherto met with in the altered

taste of the day for treatises of a less recondite and extensive nature.

The Proprietors would be ready to complete the Work if they could hope for

iv ADVERTISEMENT.

sufficient encouragement from the Public to induce them to proceed in this unusually expensive undertaking.

At the end of this volume new title-pages for the four volumes are added, in

accordance with their contents, as a “ General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants.”

London, February, 1838.

r à

INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME,

SYSTEMATIC AND ENGLISH GENERIC NAMES, AND THE ENGLISH AND SYSTEMATIC SYNONYMES.

*.* In this Index the systematic names used, and the English names in common use, are in Roman letters; the synonymes in Italics ; the names of Classes, Sub-classes and Orders in large capitals ; and the names of Sub-orders and Tribes in small capitals.

TE A2

vi

Lion's Ear, 850 LisIANTHEE, 207 Lisianthus, 207-209 Lisianthus, 87. 197. 201, 202. 210, 211 Lita, 199, 200 Lithospermum, 321-325 Lithospermum, 317-319. 326. 358. 360. 363. 365. 373 LiITHOSPERME®, 321 Lobelia, 596 Lobostemon, 338 Lodh, 3 Lodhra, 3 Loeselia, 247, 248 Logania, 164, 165 LOGANIACE Æ, 164 Loganiee, 164 Lonchostoma, 306 Lonicera, 171 Lophanthus, 802, 803 Lophanthus, 803 Lophospermum, 533 Lophospermum, 562 Lotos, European, 38 Lousewort, 619.626 Love Apple, 443, 444 Loxonia, 663 Loxophyllum, 547 LoxoTiE x, 664 Loxotis, 664

Luban, 6

Lucuma, 33, 34

Lumnitzera, 672. 674-076. 681. 756

Lungwort, 317, 318 Lutrostylis, 391 Lychnidea, 246. 592 Lycium, 457-461 Lycium, 104. 461. 480 Lycopersicum, 443, 444 Lycopersicum, 400. 411 Lycopsis, 338, 339 Lycopsis, 336- 339. 341. 343 Lycopus, 720-722 Lycopus, 775

Lyncea, 562

Lyonsia, 80

Lyperia, 591-593 Lysionotis, 657

M.

Maba, 43

Macbridea, 816 Macranthera, 560 Macromeria, 326 Macroscepis, 148 Macrostema, 259

Mad Apple, 432 Madwort, German, 357 M zsEE, 21

Mesa, 21, 22

Majana, 712

Mala, 411, 432 Mammee-Sapota, 33, 34 Mammee-Sapota, Common, 33. Mandrake, 454, 455 Mandragora, 454, 455 Mangaibo, 102

Manghas, 98

Manglilla, 10-12 Manulea, 593-596 Bianulea, 557. 587-593 ` Maripa, 254

Marjoram, 764-766 Marjoram, Bastard, 765 Marjoram, Pot, 766, 767 Marjoram Sweet or Knotted,

766

INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME.

Marjoram, Wild, 765 Marjoram, Winter Sweet, 765 Marjorana, 766, 767 Markea, 487 Marmoritis, 811 Marsdenia, 130-132 Marsh-trefoil, 167 Marsypianthus, 686 Marrubiastrum, 837. 840. 844. Marrubium, 840-843 Marrubium, 682. 822. 846 Marum, 728. 766, 767 Martynia, 234, 235 Martynia, 235. 649 Martyniacee, 233 Masus, 542 Matelea, 139 Matourea, 547 Mattia, 310 Maurandya, 532, 533 Mayenne, 432 Mayepea, 52 Mecardonia, 546 Medeola, 25 Melampyrum, 626, 627 Melampyracee, 618 Melanzana, 432 Melasma, 562 Melia, 546 Melissa, 780-784 Melissa, 715. 756. 761. 771. 775. 180. 786 MELISSINE, 775 Melittis, 815 Melittis, 816 MELODINIES, 101 Melodinus, 101 Melongena, 432 Melongena, 408. 432 Melongene, 432 Memecylon, 12 Menodora, 58 Mentha, 716-720 Mentha, 674. 711-715. 762. 779, 780 MENTHOIDER, 711 MENYANTHACE Z, 167 Menyanthes, 167, 168 Menyanthes, 168, 169 Meriandra, 722 Mertensia, 318-320. 372 Mesona, 675 Messerschmidtia, 370-372 Messerschmidtia, 325. 369 Metaplexis, 155 Metaplezis, 153 Metastelma, 158 Meyenia, 486 Microcale, 213 Microcarpea, 536 Microcarpza, 537. 643 Microcorys, 802 Microloma, 158 Microloma, 136. 157 Micromeria, 771, 772 Micromeria, 776-780 Microstemma, 124 Millingtonia, 229 Mimulus, 552-554 Mimulus, 555. 618 Mimusops, 34, 35 Mimusops, 35 Mina, 259 Mint, 716-720 Mint, Water, 718, 719 Mint, Wild, 719 Mitraria, 653 Mitrasacme, 172, 173 Mitreola, 171 Mitsa, 683 Mogorium, 59-62

Moldavica, 808. 813

Moltkia, 326, 327

Molikia, 338

Molucca, 856

Molucca Balm, 856

Molucella, 856

Molucella, 820. 841. 844, 845. 855

Monarda, 758, 759

Monarda, 759, 760. 822

MONARDEX, 722

Monardella, 763, 764

Monetia, 105

Monkey-flower, 5

Monniera, 545

Monodynamis, 166

Montabea, 37

Montira, 536

Moorcroftia, 259

Morelle, 411, 412

Morelosia, 391, 392

Morenoa, 259, 260

Morgania, 543, 544

Morgania, 538. 544. 548, 549

Moscharia, 873

Moschosma, 675

Mosla, 775

Mother-wort, 820, 821

Moth Mullien, 497

Mouroucoa, 306

Mouse-ear, 343-348

Mudor Plant, 146

Mullien, 489-498

Mullien, Common, 489

Murex, 235, 236

Mutabea, 37

Myconia, 498

Myosotis, 343-348. 372, 373

Myosotis, 323. 340, 341. 348- 351

52-954

Myrmecia, 197 Myrsine, 9-12. 23 Myrsine, 12. 19. 21 MYRSINEACE &, 7 Myrsinee, 7

Myxa, 379 Myxopyrum, 50

N.

Nama, 250

Nama, 249

Navarretia, 247

Navicularia, 837

Nefflea, 499

Nematanthus, 654

Nemesia, 533, 534

| Nemia, 595, 596

| Nemophila, 394, 395 Nemophila, 393

| Nepeta, 803-811

Nepeta, 678. 687. 701. 703.

763. 771. 780. 803. 812.

822. 836. 847

NEPETER, 802

Nerium, 84 Nerium, 80. 82, 83. 85, 86.

| 90.105 132. 164 Netouxia, 454

| Neudorfia, 479

| Neuropeltis, 298, 299

| Nicandra, 457 Nicandra, 67. 457 Nicotiana, 462-467 Nicotiana, 251. 467, 468 NICOTIANEZ, 462 Nierembergia, 468, 469 Nierembergia, 468

| Nightshade, 409-442

|

Nightshade Tree, 411 Nightshade, woody, 409 Nil, 262

Nigrina, 562

Nisberry Bully-tree, 33 Nolana, 479, 480 NOLANIES, 479 Nonea, 336-338. 372 Noronhia, 49 Nortenia, 550

Notelæa, 51, 52 NoTELZIEA, 51 Notochæte, 854, 855 Nux Vomica, 65 Nyctanthes, 64 Nyctanthes, 59, 60, 61, 62 Nycterium, 438, 439 Nycterinia, 586, 587 Nycterisition, 31 Nymphea, 168 Nymphoides, 168

0.

Obesia, 121

Obesia, 113 Obolaria, 635 OBOLARIEA, 635 Ochrosia, 99 OcxvMoIDEZ, 670 Ocymoidee, 670 Ocymum, 670-674 Ocymum, 674-683. 715. 756 Odollam, 98 Odontites, 611, 612 Oily Grain, 234 Oil-seed, 234 Oldenlandia, 537 Olea, 46-49

Olea, 49. 52 Oleander, 84 OLIES, 44 OLEIN.E, 43 Olive, 46-49

Olive, Common, 46, 47 Omphalocarpum, 35 Omphalodes, 351, 352 Omphalodes, 310 Oncinus, 26 Oncoma, 228 Oncostemum, 13 Onosma, 313-317 Onosma, 317. 327. 336 Onosmodium, 317 Ophelia, 178, 179 Ophiosperme, 7 Ophiorhiza, 171 Ophioxylon, 99, 100 Ophioxylon, 99. 598 Opilia, 24 Opsantha, 186 Orbea, 119-121 Orchipeda, 93 Orelia, 103 Origanum, 764-766

Origanum, 111. 719. 762-764.

766, 767 Ornus, 56, 57 Orobanche, 628-631 Orobanche, 582. 631-635 OROBANCHEEZE, 627 OnoBANCHIEE, 628 Orontium, 516. 527 Orthocarpus, 616 ORTHOPHURAMIA, 109 Orthosiphon, 676, 677 Orthostemon, 198 Oscampia, 336, 337 Osmanthus, 48

Oswega Tea, 758 Osyris, 524. 527 Otaria, 144 Otbanthera, 124 Otaheite Chesnut, 34 Otostegia, 845 Ourisia, 664, 665 Orvala, 816

Oxera, 228 Oxypetalum, 147, 148 Oxystelma, 144 Oxystelma, 145 Oyster Plant, 320

P:

Pachyderma, 49, 50 Pachypodium, 77 Pacouria, 102 Pederota, 580 Pederota, 536, 537. 580. 608 Pederotoides, 665 Pagamea, 166 Painted Cup, 615, 616 Paliava, 649 Palladia, 214 Palquin, 597 Palura, 3 Pandacqui, 90 Papas, 400 Panzeria, 821 Papirin, 261 Paralea, 42 Parentucellia, (27 Parilium, 64 Parnassia, 176 Parqui, 484 Parsonsia, 79 Passerina, 306 Patagonula, 387 Patagonica, 387 Pavonia, 381 Pectinaria, 122 PEDALINEX, 233 Pedalium, 235, 236 Pedicularis, 619 626 Pedicularis, 613 Peltanthera, 444 Peltodon, 686 Pennyroyal, 720 Pentaraphia, 650 Pentasacme, 159 Pentatropis, 145 Pentstemon, 636-640 Peplidium, 536, 537 Peplidium, 536 Peppermint, 718 Pergularia, 132, 133 Pergularia, 79, 130-132. 145. 156. 162 Perilla, 715 Perilla, 711. 713, 714 Perilomia, 797, 798 Peripea, 584 Periphragmos, 486 Periphragmos, 248, 249 Periploca, 163 Periploca, 79. 135. 144. 151. 153. 158-162 PERIPLOCEX, 161 Periwinkle, 95 Perlarius, 486 Personate, 500 Pervinca, 95 Petesioides, 8 Petunia, 467, 468 Phacelia, 396, 397 Phacelia, 394, 395 Pharbitis, 262, 263

Phelipza, 631-633 Phelipea, 633, 634 Phelline, 37 Philibertia, 157 Phillyrea, 45, 46 Phillyrea, 49 Phleboanthe, 872 Phlomidopsis, 850. 853, 854 Phlomis, 850-854 Phlomis, 833. 844 850. 855 Phlomoides, 850. 853, 854 Phlox, 240-243 Phlox, 246-248 Phtheirospermum, 561 Phyllanthera, 163 Phyllopodium, 588 Phyllostegia, 858. 859 Physalis, 447-451 Physalis, 451, 452. 456, 457 Physaloides, 448. 450 Physidium, 609 Physianthus, 149 Physocalyx, 561, 562 Physocalyx, 562 Physoclaina, 470 Physostegia, 815, 816 Physostelma, 128 Phytoxys, 835, 836 Piaranthus, 113, 114 Picotia, 351, 352. 356 Picrophleus, 66 Picrorhiza, 581 Pikria, 617 Pink-root, 171 Piperella, 716, 777. 119 Piptoclaina, 364 Pishamin, 39 Pishamin, Sweet, 101 Pittonia, 366. 368. 371. 390 Pladera, 199 Plagiobotrys, 373 Plantaginella, 552 Platostoma, 675 Platunium, 856 Platycarpum, 228, 229 Platystemma, 664 Plectaneia, 87 Plectranthts, 677-682 Plectranthus, 672. 674-676. 682-685 Pleurogyna, 188 Plumiera, 93, 94 Plumiera, 95 Pneumonanthe, 193-195 Pneumonanthe, 184-186 Podanthes, 117, 118 Podanthes, 121 Podostigma, 145, 146 Pogogyne, 789 Pogostemon, 711, 712 Poison Nut, 65 POLEMONIACEA, 237 Polemonium, 238, 239 Polemonium, 244. 306 394, 395

Polium, 868, 869 Pollichia, 311. 818, 819 Poly, 869, 870

Poly, Dwarf, Mountain, 869 Poly, Mountain, 869 Polycarena, 588 Polymeria, 295, 296 Polyotus, 143

Porana, 298 Portlandia, 475 Potalia, 67, 68 POTALIACES, 67 Potaliee, 67

Potatoe, 400-406 Potatoe, Spanish, 260 Potatoe, Sweet, 260

INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME.

Pouteria, 37

PRASIEA, 857

Prasium, 860

Prasium, 815, 816. 824. 858, 859

Prepusa, 197, 198.

Preslea, 365

Preslea, 715

Prestonia, 83

Prevostea, 299

Privet, 45

Proboscidea, 234

PROSTANTHEREA, 798

Prostanthera, 798, 800

Prostanthera, 798. 802

Prunella, 790

Prunella, 675. 791

Pseudo-Capsicum, 410, 411. 429

Pseudodictamnus, 843, 844 Psychotria, 92 Pterostelma, 128 Pterostigma, 538, 539 Puccoon, 326

Pulegium, 715. 720 Pulmonaria, 317, 318 Pulmonaria, 318-320 Purga, 271

Purshia, 317 Pychnanthemum, 762, 763 Pychnanthemum, 764 Pychnostachys, 686 Pyrgus, 14

Pyzidanthera, 239 Pyxzidaria, 551

Q. Quamoclit, 258-260

Re

Ramondia, 498 Ranaria, 547 Rapanea, 10 Raphistemma, 145 Rauwolfia, 98, 99 Rauwolfia, 90. 99, 100 Razumovia, 563 Reichelia, 249, 250 Reinwardtia, 299 Rejoua, 92 Renealmia, 168 Retzia, 386 Retzia, 284 RETZIACEZ/E, 306 Rhabdia, 391 Rhamnus, 28. 389 Rhamphicarpa, 585, 586 RHINANTHACE.E, 618 Rhinanthus, 618, 619 Rhinanthus, 557. 56). 613.619. Rhizophora, 8 Rhodochiton, 533 Rhynchoglossum, 618 Rhynchotechum, 663 Rhyzospermum, 51 Ribes, 20 Ribesioides, 20 Rindera, 311 Rindera, 310 RINDEREÆ, 309

612,

| Rivea, 253, 254

Rizoa, 785 Rochefortia, 392, 393 Rochelia, 351 Rochelia, 347-351 Reemeria, 10. 28. 31

Romanzoffia, 643 Roslinia, 203 Rosmarinus, 757, 758 Rosmarinus, 835 Rosemary, 757, 758 Rouhamon, 66 Royena, 42

Royena, 42

Roylea, 845

Ruellia, 537 Russelia, 513, 514 Ruyschiana, 813, 814 Rytidophyllum, 650

Sabbatia, 206, 207 Sabbatia, 201. 213. 776, 777 Sage, 722-756 Sage, Common, 723 Sage, Wild, 732 Sagina, 184 Sagonea, 249, 250 Sairanthus, 467 Salpiglossis, 469 Salpiglossis, 468 Salvia, 722-756 Salvia, 722 Samara, 9-12. 20 Sambac, 59 Sapodillo-tree, 33 Sapota, 33 SAPOTACEZE. 26 Sapota-tree, 33 Sapotee, 26 Saracha, 451, 452 Saracha, 418 Sarcolobus, 136 Sarcostemma, 156, 157 Sarcostemma, 149 Sarmienta, 651 Satureia, 771, 772 Satureia, 704. 770. 774. 777- 781. 811 SATUREINES, 761 Saussurea, 803 Savory, 771, 772 Savory, Summer, 771 Savory, Winter, 771 Saxifraga, 643 Scabrita, 64 Scammony, 289 Sclarea, 722. 726. 728 732.

Scleroxylon, 10 Scrofularia, 507 Scrophularia, 507-513 | Scrophularia, 513. 562 | SCROPHULARIEZ, 504 SCROPHULARINE, 500 | Scutellaria, 791-797 | Scutellaria, 680. 783. 864

i

ScUTELLARINEX, 789 Sebza, 211, 212 Sebea, 197. 212, 213 Sebestena, 375 Sebestena, 379, 380 Secamone, 159 SECAMONER, 159 Selago, 592 595 Selatium, 196 Self-heal, 790 Sepistan, 378, 379 Serpyllum, 768 Serratula, 544 Sersalisia, 27 Sesamum, 234 Sesamum, 550 Sessea, 487 Sessea, 481 Seymeria, 560 Seymeria, 556 Shea-tree, 36 Shepherd’s-club, 489 Shutereia, 297 ‘Sibouratia, 22 Sibthorpia, 641 Sibthorpia, 302 641, 642 SIBTHORPIACE, 641 Sickingia, 229 Sideritis, 836-840 Sideritis, 823-825. 831-835 Sideroxylon, 28, 29 Sideroxylon, 10-12. 27-31 Sinningia, 649. 651 Siphonostegia, 613 Siphotoxis, 857 Skinneria, 297, 298 Skullcap, 791-797 Slipperwort, 602 608 Smithia, 258 Snakewood, 106 Snap-Dragon, 514 517 Snap-Dragon, Common, 516 Snow-drop-tree, 6. 7 Solandra, 475, 476 SOLANACEZE, 397 Solanee, 397 SoLANEJE, 400 Solanum, 400-412 Solanum, 443, 444. 451. 453, 454. 456. 487, 488 Solenanthus, 311 Solenostemon, 682, 683 Sopubia, 557, 558 Spanish Elm, 380 Spathodea, 222, 223 Spathodea, 216. 227. 229 Spearmint, 717, 718 Speedwell, 563-579 Speedwell, Officinal, 570 Sperlingia, 128 Sphacele, 835, 836 Spharotheca, 546 Sphenandra, 589 Spica, 710 Spica, 710 Spigelia, 170, 171 SPIGELIACE./E, 169 Squammaria, 634 STACHYDEE, 815 Stachys, 823-835 Stachys, 704. 802. 821, 822. 836. 847 Stapelia, 114-117 Stapelia, 112-123. 125, 126 STAPELIEJE, 109 Star Apple, 31, 32 Starbia, 561 Stauranthera, 665 Stemodia, 539-542 Stemodia, 535. 539 Stenarrhena, 122. 130

Stenogyne, 859, 860 Stenolobium, 227, 228 Stephanotis, 111 Steripha, 302 Steris, 249 Steudelia, 26 St. Ignatius's Beaa, 65 Stæchas, 709 Stoechelina, 612 Stomotechium, 313 Storax, 4-6 Storax, Officinal, 4 Stramonium, 473 Stramonium, 472-475 Streptocarpus, 658 Streptocaulon, 161 Streptocaulon, 161, 162 Striga, 582 Strobila, 327 Strophanthus, 84, 85 STRYCHNACE, 64 Strychnea, 64 Strychnos, 64 66 Strychnodendros, 411 Stylandra, 146 Styracee, 3 STYRACINEZ, 3 Styrax, 4-6 Sulzeria, 166 Swallow-wort, 139-142 Swartzia, 475 Swertia, 175, 176 Swertia, 169. 176 179. 188. 207 SYMPHYTEA, 312 Symphytum, 312, 313 Symphytum, 310 Symbolanthus, 210 SYMPLOCINE/E, Symplocos, 1-3 Synandra, 816 Syringa, 51 Syringa, 51 SYRINGE, 51

Es

Tabacus, 462. 467 Tabernemontana, 87-92 Tabernemontana, 92, 93 TABERNEMONTANEX, 87 Tachia, 197

Tanecium, 233 Tanecium, 233 Tanghinia, 97, 98 Tapina, 654

Taratoufli, 400

Tecoma, 223-225 Teedia, 616

TEEDIES, 616 T'eganium, 479 Tetradenia, 714 Tetragonanthus, 176 Tetrahit, 822, 823. 832

| Tetrahitum, 831 | Tetrapilus, 49 | Tetrorrhiza, 191

Teucrium, 861-870 Teucrium, 810. 871-873 Thenardia, 80

Thenardia, 72 Theophrasta, 26 Theophrasta, 25, 26 : THEOPHRASTELE, 24 Thevetia, 97

Thonnia, 245 Thorn-Apple, 472-474 Thorn-Apple, Common, 473 Thouinia, 92, 53. 257, 256

viil

Thurnhausera, 201 Thylacantha, 609 Thymbra, 789 Thymbra, 769, 770. 816 Thyme, 767-771 Thyme, Basil, 782 Thyme, Garden, 767 Thyme, Lemon, 768 Thyme, Mastich, 767 Thyme, Mother of, 768, 769 Thyme, Wild, 768, 769 Thymus, 767-771

Thymus, 674. 720. 756. 760.

763. 772. 776-784. 806 Tiaridium, 364, 365 Tinus, 5 Tiguilia, 365 Tittmannia,

551 Toad-Flax, 517-531 Toad-Flax, Common, 524 Tobacco, 462-467 Tobacco, Common, 462-464 Tobacco, English, 465 Tobacco, Orinoko, 464 Tobacco, Shiraz, 466 Tomato, 443, 444 Toothwort, 634, 635 Torenia, 550, 551 Torenia, 548-550 Tournefortia, 365-369 Tournefortia, 361. 370-372 Tourretia, 231 TOURRETIE, 231 Toxocarpus, 160 Tozzia, 635, 636

537. 548,

549.

INDEX

Trachystemon, 309 Traoriganum, 772 Treverania, 645 Trichodesma, 311 TRICHOSPORES, 656 Trichosporum, 656, 657 Trichostema, 861 Trichostema, 715 Tridentea, 118 Trifolium, 167 Triguera, 480 Triphysaria, 627 Tripinna, 233 Tripinnaria, 233 Tripinnaria, 233 Triplosperma, 134 Tripterospermum, 200 Triticum, 626 Trixago, 612. 830 Tromotriche, 119 Tromsdorffia, 656 Trongum, 432 Trumpet-flower, 216-222 Tullia, 762

Tupeicavi, 642 Turnsole, 357-364 Turnsole, Peruvian, 357 Turpethum, 268 Tylophora, 128-130 Tylophora, 136 Tyrbea, 19

Ulloa, 476

TO THE FOURTH VOLUME.

Ulostoma, 196 Ulricia, 836 Uluzia, 58 Urceola, 92 Urceolaria, 651 Urostelma, 145 Usteria, 166 Usteria, 533 Utania, 663 Uvedalia, 555

V. Vahea, 92

Faleriana, 238 Vallaris, 78, 79

| Vallesia, 100

Vandellia, 547-549

Farronia, 382-387

Venus Navel-wort, 351, 352 Venus Navel-wort, Common,

352 VERBASCIN.E, 488 Verbascum, 488-498 Verbascum, 480. 498, 499 Veronica, 563-579 Veronica, 546. 479-481 Veronicastrum, 579 VERONICEA, 563 Vestia, 486 Villarsia, 168, 169 Vinca, 95 Vinca, 74. 95 Vincetoxicum, 137

Viper’s Bugloss, 327-335

Viper’s Bugloss, Common, 332 |

Virgularia, 557. 560, 561 Voacanga, 92

Vohiria, 199, 200 Voyria, 199

Vrolikia, 551

W.

Waldschmidia, 168 Walkeria, 479 Wallenia, 8

Wallenia, 8, 9

Water Betony, 510 Water Horehound, 720-722 Water Leaf, 393, 394 Wax Tree, 45 Weigeltia, 8

Wensea, 711 Westringia, 801, 802 White Bully-tree, 29 Whitia, 662, 663 Whitleya, 457 Wigandia, 251 Wightia, 230

Wild Flax, 524 Willughbeia, 101, 102 Willughbeia, 68, 102 Wilsonia, 302

Winter Cherry, 411. 448. 451 Witheringia, 452-454 Wood Sage, 865

Worm Grass, 170, 171 Worm Grass, Common, 171 Woundwort, 825, 826 Wrightia, 85, 86 WRIGHTIE, 85

Wulfenia, 580

Wulfenia, 580, 664

XG Xenopoma, 780

Xuarezia, 642 Xysmalobium, 146

VG

Yellow Rattle, 618, 619 Yellow-wort, 198

Z.

Zeyheria, 227 Zietenia, 834 Ziziphora, 760, 761

| Ziziphora, 768. 774-777. 811 | Zornia, 813, 814

Zwingera, 479 Zygis, 780

THE

GARDENER’S AND BOTANIST’S DICTIONARY.

Sus-crass III.

COROLLJEFLO'R & (from corolla, and flos, a flower.) Co- rolla monopetalous, or the petals combined into the form of a hypogynous corolla, which is not attached to the calyx. To this sub-class are to be referred all orders which have a mono- petalous corolla, with the stamens inserted into it, and a superior ovarium ; but those orders with a monopetalous corolla, having the stamens inserted into it and the inferior ovarium, as Rubi- cec, Ericacee, Epacridee, Campanulacee, Lobelidcee, Caprifo- liàceæ, Loranthàcec, &c. are still retained in the sub-class Calyciflore.

Oxper CXL. SYMPLOCI'NEZ (this order only contains the genus Symplocos). D. Don. prod. fl. nep. p. 144,—Guaia- cane, part 2. Juss. gen. 157.

Calyx 5-parted or 5-cleft (f. 1. a.). Corolla monopetalous, rotate (f. 1. c.), with a 5 (f. 1. c.) -10-parted spreading limb; when 8 or 10, 4 or 5 of which are interior and smaller : imbricate in estivation. Stamens very numerous, inserted in the tube of the corolla, disposed in 3 or 4 series or rows; filaments cuspi- date at the apex, polyadelphous at the base; anthers erect, roundish-elliptic, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise. Ovarium half inferior, 3-5-celled; ovula 4 in each cell, fixed to inner parietes of the cells at various heights, the 2 superior ones pe- ritropous, and the 2 inferior ones pendulous. Style 1; stigma 3-5-lobed. Drupe rather fleshy, crowned by the calyx, contain- ing a 3-5-celled nut; cells 1-seeded; seeds bony. Embryo in- verted and furnished with albumen, having a superior radicle.

Trees with alternate branches. Leaves alternate, entire, or serrulated, exstipulate, turning yellow on drying. Flowers axil- lary, sessile, or pedunculate, almost solitary, conglomerate, or somewhat racemose, white or scarlet, furnished with imbricating bracteas at the base (f. 1. b.), sometimes fragrant. The leaves of most of the species are astringent; those of Simplocos tinc- tòria are used in America, under the name of Sweetleaf, for

3 -dyeing yellow; and the bark of S. racemósa is used with mun-

geet for dyeing red in the East Indies, under the name of Lohd. VOL. 1V.

I. SY'MPLOCOS (ovurokn, symploke, a connection ; in re- ference to the stamens being combined at the base). Lin. gen. 677. Jacq. amer. 166. Swartz, prod. 109. obs. t. 7. f. 1. Juss. gen. 157. L'Herit. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 174. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 256. D. Don. prod. fl. nep. p. 144.— Ciponima, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 226. Cav. diss. 7. p. 370. t. 217. Alstonia, Mut. in Lin. suppl. p. 264.—Hopea, Lin. but not of Roxb.

Lin. syst. Polyadélphia, Polyándria. as that of the order.

Sect. I. ArsrówiA (named in memory of Charles Alston, Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh). Corolla 8-10-parted ; segments disposed in adouble row. Stamens dis- posed in 3 or 4 series. Drupe half inferior, 3-5-celled ; cells 1- seeded.—Species natives of South America.

1 S. ArsrówiA (Lher. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 176.) glabrous in every part; leaves roundish-elliptic or oblong, obtuse, rounded at the base, obsoletely crenated at the apex, coriaceous, shining ; flowers by threes or fours, sessile. b. S. Native of New Granada, near Santa Fe de Bogota and Popayan. Humb. et Bonpl. pl. equin. 1. p. 181. t. 51. Alstónia thezefórmis, Lin. suppl. p. 264. Habit of Thèa Bohèa. Leaves pale green and shining above, and pale beneath, and are employed as tea on account of their slight astringency. Corollas white, 8-10-cleft. Drupe 3-celled.

Alston’s Symplocos. Tree 12 to 15 feet.

2 S. c&'nNvA (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. zequin. 1. p. 188. t. 53.) branches glabrous; leaves oblong, bluntish, running into the petioles at the base, serrulated at the apex, coriaceous, glabrous and shining above, pilose on the nerves beneath; flowers soli- tary, on short pedicels, drooping. h.S. Native of Peru, in woods, near the town of Jaen de Bracamoros. Leaves 24 inches long. Corolla 10-11-parted, white. Ovarium 3-celled.

Drooping-flowered Symplocos. Tree 30 feet.

3 S. coccinea (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. zequin. 1. p. 185. t. 52.) branches hispid from pili; leaves elliptic-oblong, acuminated, rounded at the base, obsoletely crenulated, membranous, gla- brous, shining, pilose on the middle nerve; flowers solitary, almost sessile. h. S. Native of Mexico, near Xalapa and elsewhere. Corolla rose-coloured or purplish, silky outside, 10-11-parted, an inch in diameter when expanded. Drupe 5- celled. Stamens disposed in 4 series.

Scarlet Symplocos. Tree tall.

4 S. sceRRULA TA (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. equin. 1. p. 190. t, ae branchlets clothed with rusty hairs; leaves obovate-

Character the same

2 SYMPLOCINEZ.

oblong, acuminated, rounded at the base, remotely denticulated, membranous, glabrous above, but clothed with adpressed pili beneath ; peduncles short, usually 3-flowered. h.S. Native of New Granada, in woods near Popayan. Leaves 34 to 41 inches long. Corolla white, 6-9-parted, clothed with adpressed hairs outside. Stamens disposed in 3-4 series.

Serrulated-leaved Symplocos. "Tree12 to 15 feet.

5 S. nurz'sceNs (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. equin. 1. p. 192. t. 55.) branchlets clothed with rusty hairs; leaves obovate-oblong, much acuminated, rounded at the base, almost quite entire, membranous, glabrous above, and clothed with rusty hairs be- neath, the middle nerve hairy; peduncles very short, 2-5- flowered. h.S. Native of New Granada, on the Andes about Quindiu. Leaves obsoletely and remotely denticulated, 7 inches long and 23 broad. Corolla white, silky outside, 5-6-parted (ex Kunth), 7-8-parted (ex Bonpl). Ovarium 3-5-celled (ex Kunth). Drupe 4-celled (ex Bonpl.).

Rufescent Symplocos. Tree 50 to 60 feet.

6 S. tomentosa (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. a&equin. 1. p. 195.) branchlets clothed with rusty hairs; leaves obovate-oblong, acuminated, rounded at the base, denticulated, rather coriaceous, glabrous and shining above, but clothed with rusty tomentum beneath; peduncles short, 4-7-flowered. h. S. Native of New Granada, near Ibague. Flowers sessile. Corolla 10- parted. Ovarium 5-celled.

Tomentose Symplocos. Tree.

7 S. nu‘pa (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. æquin. 1. p. 195.) branchlets glabrous; leaves oblong, acutish, cuneated at the base, re- motely serrulated at the apex, glabrous above, but rather pilose beneath ; peduncles short, 1-flowered. R.S. Native of New Granada, in woods, near Loxa. Leaves 24 to 3 inches long. Drupe oblong, 3-celled, about the size of a small plum.

Naked Symplocos. Tree 12 feet.

8 S.? Limoncitto (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. equin. 1. p. 196.) glabrous in every part; leaves oblong, acute at both ends, almost quite entire, shining ; flowers racemose. h. G. Native of Mexico, in woods near Xalapa. Leaves a little serrulated. Drupe glaucous, containing a 3-4-celled nut (ex Bonpl.).

Limoncillo Symplocos. Tree tall.

9 S. wvcnowA'rA (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. æquin. 1. p. 196.) glabrous in every part; leaves oblong, mucronate, denticulated, coriaceous; peduncles l-flowered. h. S. Native of Mexico, in the woods of Xalapa. Peduncles solitary. Flowers pale red, ex Schlecht.

Mucronate-leaved Symplocos. Tree 12 feet.

10 S. Scurepea xA (Schlecht. in Linnea. 8. p. 527.) branches glabrous, angular; leaves large, oblong-elliptic, cuneated at the base, and with a short abrupt acumen at the apex, quite entire, glabrous; flowers axillary, subspicate. h. G. Native of Mexico, between Tiocelo and Jicochimalco. The branches are furnished with an elevated, acute line on both sides, from the decurrent bases of the petioles. Leaves 8-10 lines long.

Schiede's Symplocos. Tree.

11 S. ManriNicE'Nsis (Lin. spec. 747.) glabrous; leaves ovate, acute, shining above, rather coriaceous, crenulated ; pe- duncles sub-racemose. b. S. Native of Martinico, in woods. Lher. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 175. Swartz, obs. 293. t. 7. f. 1. Jacq. amer. 166. t. 175. f. 68. pict. 81. t. 261. f. 41. Corolla white, 5-cleft. Drupe 5-celled.

Martinico Symplocos. Tree 25 feet.

12 S. Ciponima (Lher. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 175. Meyer. ess. 248.) branches villous ; leaves ovate-oblong, entire, villous be- neath; peduncles many-flowered. h. S. Native of Guiana, where it is called Ciponima. Ciponima Guianénsis, Aubl. guian.,1. p.567. t. 226. Cav. diss. 7. p. 371. t. 217. Corolla white, 10- parted. Drupe 5-celled, black.

I. SvuProcos.

Ciponima Symplocos. Shrub 7 feet.

13 S. Anz'cnza (Lher. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 176.) leaves ser- rated, almost glabrous; peduncles about 5-flowered. h.S., Native of Peru, in woods, where it was collected by Dombey, under the name of Arechea. Corolla 10-parted? Drupe 5-celled.

Arechea Symplocos. Tree.

14 S. ocrorz' TALA (Swartz, fl. ind. occ. 3. p. 1287.) leaves ovate, short-acuminated, glabrous, bluntly serrated ; pedicels axillary, solitary, towards the tops of the branches; calycine segments 5, ciliated; limb of corolla 8-parted. h.S. Native of the south of Jamaica, on high mountains. Flowers white, about the size of those of the orange. Drupe 5-celled.

Eight-petalled Symplocos. Tree 20 to 36 feet.

15 S. rincroria (Lher. in Lin. trans. 1. p. 176.) leaves ob- long or lanceolate-ovate, a little serrated, glaucous, shining ; flowers axillary, 8-10 together; fruit containing a 3-celled nucleus. h. G. Native of Carolina. Hópea tinctória, Lin. mant. 14. syst. ed. 1, 699.—Catesb. car. 1. t. 54. Bracteas concave, villous. Flowers yellow, sweet-scented. Corolla 5- parted. Stamens combined in 5 bodies. The juice, or a de- coction of the leaves, will dye linen and silk of a bright yellow.

Dyers’ Symplocos or Yellow-leaf. Clt. 1780. Tree.

16 S.? penra’eyna (Spreng syst. 3. p. 840.) leaves opposite, oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, quite entire, glabrous; flowers racemose, pentagynous. h.S. Native of Brazil. Sello.

Pentagynous Symplocos. Shrub.

Sect. II. Lépura (the Sanscrit name of S. racemósa). Co- rolla 5-parted. Stamens numerous, inserted without order. Drupe containing a 3-5-celled nut, inferior.—Species natives of Asia. Perhaps the same as Decàdia, Lour. the Dicàlyx, Blum.

17 S. Lona (Hamilt. mss. ex D. Don, prod. fl. nep. 144.) leaves lanceolate, acuminated, serrulated, glabrous; spikes usually twin, tomentose, longer than the petioles ; calycine seg- ments and bracteas roundish. k. G. Native of Nipaul, at Narainhetty. S. subspinósa, Hamilt. mss. Leaves 3-6 inches long, pale green, and from 11 to 2 inches broad.

Loha Symplocos. Shrub.

18 S. Sumu'ntia (Hamilt. mss. ex D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 145.) leaves elliptic, coriaceous, acuminated, slightly serru- lated, glabrous; spikes pilose, twice the length of the petioles; calycine segments and bracteoles oblong. ° h. G. Native of Nipaul, at Narainhetty, and on Sheopore. S. floribüánda, Wall. cat. no. 4419. Leaves 3-6 inches long, and 14 to 2 inches broad. Flowers rather large.

Sumuntia Symplocos. Fl. March. Shrub.

19 S. rurzróriA (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 145.) leaves elliptic, acuminated, serrulated ; spikes aggregate, densely pu- bescent, equal in length to the petioles; calycine segments and bracteoles roundish, ciliated. h. G. Native of Nipaul, at Narainhetty. S. attenuata, Wall. cat. 4426.. Leaves 3 inches long, and 13-2 inches broad. Nothing but S. racemdsa, Roxb.

Tea-leaved Symplocos. Fl. Nov. Shrub.

20 S. rEnRUGI'NEA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 542.) leaves lanceo- late, serrulated, acuminated, parallel-veined, downy beneath ;

spikes axillary, solitary, compound, downy; stigma 3-lobed.

hk. S. Native of the East Indies, in the Garo country, where it is called Foolinazur. Flowers yellow. Bracteas 3 to each flower, broad-ovate, downy. Leaves 4-7 inches long, and 1-2 broad.

Rusty Symplocos. Tree.

21 S. spica’ra (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 541.) leaves from lanceo- late to oblong, serrated, acute; spikes axillary, compound; drupe urceolate, torose ; nut l-celled, 1-seeded. h.S. Na- tive of Silhet, where it is called Booree. Leaves 4-6 inches long. Flowers small, yellow. Bracteas 3 to each flower, cili- ated. The nuts are hard, about the size of a pea, and resemble

19

SYMPLOCINE.

a minute fluted pitcher ; when bored they are strung like beads, and by the natives put round the necks of their children, to prevent evil. The nuts only of Nagéia putranjiva, are em- ployed in the same manner and for the same end.

Var. B; platistachya (Wall. cat. no. 4428.) spikes compound, downy. h.S. Native of Silhet.

Spicate-flowered Symplocos. Tree or shrub.

22 S. racemosa (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 539.) leaves oblong, gla- brous, serrulated ; racemes axillary, generally simple; nut 3- celled. k.S. Native of Burdwan and Midnapore, in Bengal. The Sanscrit name of the tree is Savura and Lodhra, and the Bengalee one Lodh. Myrtus, Retz, obs. 4. p. 26. Leaves 2-6 inches long. Flowers yellow. The bark of this tree is in request among dyers of red in Caleutta, and is met with in the markets of that town for a trifling price. It seems to be used as a mordaunt only to dye with Mungeet (a species of Ribia), in which the bark called Lodh is an ingredient. For three yards of cloth take Lodh and the bark of Bura Hur (Terminàlia Ché- bula) of each one chatuk, or two ounces, pound them together, and mix them with water, and steep the cloth in it; then dry it. Take one chatuk of alum, dissolve it in water, and boil it; put the cloth into this solution, and let it boil for an hour, then wash and dry it. Then take 4l ( Morinda tinctoria ) one chatuk, Dhawra flowers (Grislea tomentósa) one chatuk, Mungeet half a seer (nearly a pound), separately mix them with lukewarm water, and boil it. Then put in the cloth and let it boil for 40 minutes. Aboor, the red powder used by the natives during the Hoolee holidays, is made about Kheerpaee of the bark of this tree.

Racemose-flowered Symplocos. Tree 20 feet.

23 S. caupa‘ta (Wall. cat. no. 4413.) leaves lanceolate, or elliptic-lanceolate, tapering to both ends, long-acuminated, obso- letely denticulated ; racemes simple, axillary, downy ; calyx minute. ^b. S. Native of Silhet.

Tail-leaved Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

24 S. Lv'crpA (Wall. cat. no. 4414.) leaves smooth, shining on both surfaces, coriaceous, elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, entire at the base, and serrated from below the middle, acuminated ; racemes downy, branched. h.S. Native of the East Indies.

Shining-leaved Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

25 S. pyrironia (Wall. cat. no. 4415.) leaves elliptic or ob- long, acuminated, shining, coriaceous, entire, or denticulated towards the tops ; racemes simple, slender, glabrous, twice the length of the petioles. h.S. Native of Silhet.

Pear-leaved Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

26 S. raurina (Wall. cat. no. 4416.) leaves oblong or elliptic, acuminated, denticulated, shining, smooth ; racemes simple or branched at the base, downy. h. S. Native of the East Indies. Myrtuslaurina, Herb. madr. Eugènia laurina, Rottl. herb.

Laurel-like Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

27 S. Hamirronia‘na (Wall. cat. no. 4420.) leaves elliptic- lanceolate or oblong, repandly denticulated; racemes simple, downy. k.S. Native of the East Indies. Decàdia racemosa, Hamilt. herb.

Hamilton's Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

28 S. rrepa (Wall. cat. no. 4422.) leaves oblong, coriaceous, stiff, quite entire, or repand, obtuse; racemes long, downy, simple, or branched at the base. | 5. S. Native of the Burman empire, at Moalmeyne.

Stiff Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

29 S. potyca’rpa (Wall. cat. no. 4423.) leaves elliptical, acu- minated, repandly denticulated; spikes compound. h. S Native of the East Indies, at Amherst and Tavoy.

Many-fruited Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

30 S. optu'sa (Wall. cat. no. 4424.) leaves coriaceous, quite

I. Surrocos.

STYRACINEE. 3

entire, oblong-obovate, obtuse, tapering to the base, shining ; spikes simple; lobes of calyx rounded, imbricate, obtuse. h .S. Native of the East Indies, on the Neelgherry mountains.

Blunt-leaved Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

31 S. ramosissima (Wall. cat. no. 4425.) leaves membranous, elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminated, denticulated ; racemes axillary and lateral, simple and compound. b. S. Native of Nipaul, on Sheopore.

Much-branched Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

32 S. ADENOPHY'LLA (Wall. cat. no. 4427.) leaves coriaceous, lanceolate, tapering to both ends, long-acuminated, usually quite entire; racemes compound, downy. h.S. Native of Penang.

Gland-leaved Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

33 S. wórLrs (Wall. cat. no. 4433.) branches, racemes, pe- tioles, and nerves of leaves on the under surface clothed with rusty hairs; leaves elliptic, acuminated, quite entire; spikes compound. h.S. Native of Penang.

Soft Symplocos. Shrub or tree.

Sect. III. Parv'RA (meaning unknown to us). Corolla 5- parted. Stamens disposed in a triple series. Ovarium inferior. — Species natives of Nipaul and China.

34 S. Sinr’ca (Ker. bot. reg. 710.) leaves elliptic-oblong, at- tenuated at both ends, mucro- nately serrated, downy on both surfaces and wrinkled ; racemes compound, terminal, and axil- lary ; calycine segments acumin- ated. h. H. Native of China. Flowers white. (fig. 1.)

Chinese Symplocos. Fl. May. Clt. 1822. Shrub 3 feet.

35 S. craracoives (Hamilt. mss. ex D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 145.) leaves ovate, acute, ser- rated, villous beneath as well as on the branches; panicles race- mose, terminal, villous ; calycine segments roundish, membranous. ).G. Native of Nipaul, in the Great Valley, near the town of Thankot. S. paniculata, Wall. Palüra odorata, Hamilt. mss. Flowers white, fragrant. This shrub hardly belongs to Sýmplocos, and has the habit of Prünus Mahabeb.

Hawthorn-like Symplocos.: Tree or shrub.

Cult. The species of Sijmplocos grow well in a mixture of loam, sand, and peat; and cuttings of them strike readily in sand, under a hand-glass ; those of the tropical kinds in heat.

FIG. 1.

Orver CXLI. STYRACI/NEE (this order only contains the genus Styrax). Styrácez, part. Richard, ann. du fruct. 1808. Styracinez, part. Rich. in H. B. et Kunth,' nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 256. Guiacane part. Juss. gen. 156.

Calyx permanent, campanulate, 5-toothed (f. 2. a.). Corolla monopetalous, funnel-shaped ; deeply 3-7-cleft, but usually 5 or 6-cleft, valvate in &stivation. Stamens 10, exserted ; filaments monadelphous at the base, adnate to the tube of the corolla ; anthers linear, 2-celled, dehiscing lengthwise inside. Ova- rium superior, 3-celled, many-ovulate, erect. Style 1 (f. 26.). Stigma obsoletely 3-lobed. Drupe nearly dry, containing a l-celled, 1-3-seeded nut. Testa of seed double; inner cob- webbed, are spongy. Embryo inverted, with elliptic coty-

B

4 STYRACINEZ.

ledons, and a thick superior radicle. Albumen fleshy.—Elegant trees or shrubs, usually clothed with stellate tomentum. Leaves entire, alternate, exstipulate. Peduncles axillary or terminal, one or many-flowered. Flowers racemose, bracteate, white or cream- coloured. The Stijrax officinale, affords the officinal storax of Asiatic Turkey, and S. Benzóin the fragrant resin of that name. This order is very nearly allied to Halesiacee, but differs by the decidedly superior ovarium, in the more deeply cleft corolla; and from Symplocinee in the superior ovarium, and entire or slightly lobed calyx, and in the stamens being fewer and monadelphous.

I. STY'RAX (orvpaé, strax, of Theophrastus and Dioscori- des; the name is a mere alteration of assthirak, the Arabic name of S. officinàle). Lin. gen. no. 595. Tourn. t. 369. Juss. gen 156. Geertn. fruct. 1. p. 284. t. 59.

Lin. syst. Decándria, Monogynia. Character the same as that of the order.

* A species native of Europe. FIG. 2.

1 S. OFFICINA`LE (Lin. spec. 635.) leaves ovate, clothed with hoary villi beneath, shining and green above ; racemes sim- ple and axillary, 5-6-flowered, shorter than the leaves. b. H. Native of Italy and the Levant. Cav. diss. 6. p. 338. t. 188. f. 2. Woodv. med. bot. 197. t. 71. Church et Stev. med. bot. 1. t. 47. Andr. bot. rep. 631. Lodd. bot. cab. 928. Plench, icon. 341. Mill.fig. 260. Lob. icon. 151. Leaves about 2 inches long. Flowers white. Drupe ovate, globose.

The S. officinale is chiefly remarkable for producing the very powerful and fragrant balsam called storax. It is a native of Syria and the Levant, and is not uncommon all over Greece and the Peloponnesus, being known by the name of Aayoundca in modern Greek. It is naturalized in hedges in some parts of Italy, particularly about Tivoli. The finest tree of this species in Britain is in the Apothecaries’ Garden at Chelsea.

The best storax comes from Asiatic Turkey, and is obtained in a fluid state, from incisions made in the bark of the trunk or branches of the storax-tree. It is brought from Turkey ; but is so adulterated that it is very rarely met with in a pure state. Storax is bitter and pungent to the taste, and has a strong fra- grant odour. Two sorts of balsam are found in the markets— storax in the tear, and common storax in larger masses; this has been called “ storax in the lump,” “red storax," and the separate tears, ** storax in the tear." The former is very rarely in separate tears, but in masses, composed of white and pale reddish tears, or having a uniform reddish-yellow or brownish appearance, being unctuous to the touch, soft, like wax, and free from visible impurities. This is the ervpa& cadaperne of the ancient Greeks. According to Galen it was formerly brought from Pamphylia, in hollow canes or reeds, whence it was called Styrax calamita. It is preferred to the common storax, in larger masses, which are lighter, less compact than the preced- ing, and have a large admixture of woody matter, like saw dust. Although the impurities of this kind of storax render it less valuable, it is not less useful, and when purified, its medical qualities are no less potent. Storax should be chosen of a reddish brown colour, rather softish, unctuous to the touch, yet

I. Sry‘rax.

brittle and friable, and of a pleasant sweet smell. On ac- count of its yielding a pleasant odour of Benzoic acid, when ignited, it is much used in Roman Catholic countries for in- cense. Spirits dissolve it entirely ; it consists principally of resin, with a small portion of Benzoic acid. The directions of the London Pharmacopoeia for purifying storax are :—

* Dissolve Balsam of storax in rectified spirit and strain it ; then distil off the spirit by a gentle heat until the balsam acquires a proper consistence.” It may not be improper here to observe, that the storax of the Pharmacopoeia ought not to be con- founded with the storax of commerce, which is a liquid balsam, said to be obtained from Liquidámber styraciflua.

Storax is stimulating and expectorant, and was formerly pre- scribed for asthma and chronic affections of the windpipe; for amenorrhoea, &c. It is so far discarded from practice as hardly ever to be used, and is justly designated by Dr. Thomson, as a useless article in the list of Materia Medica.

Officinal Storax. Fl. July. Clt. 1597. Tree 12 to 15 feet.

** Species natives of North America.

2 S. GRANDIFÒLIUM (Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 75.) leaves broad, obovate, acuminated, green above, but clothed with hoary to- mentum beneath; lower peduncles solitary, 1-flowered. h. H. Native of South Carolina. Lodd. bot. cab. t. 1016. Wats. dend. brit. t. 129. S. officinale, Walt. fl. car. 140. S. grandiflo- rum, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p 41. Flowers white.

Great-leaved Storax. Fl. Jul. Cult. 1765. Tree 12 to 15 feet.

2 S. teviea‘tum (Ait. hort. kew. 2. p. 75. Willd. spec. 2. p. 624.) leaves oval-lanceolate, acute at both ends, glabrous on both surfaces, toothed; peduncles axillary, solitary or twin, 1-flowered. h. H. Native of South Carolina and Virginia, in swamps. Lodd. bot. cab. 960. Wats. dendr. brit. t. 40. S. octándrum, Lher. stirp. nov. 2. t. 17. S. glabrum, Cav. diss. 6. p. 340. t. 188. f. 1. S. lae ve, Walt. fl. car. 140. S. Americànum, Lam. dict. 1. p. 82. Stamens from 6 to 10.

Smooth-leaved Storax. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1765. Shrub 3 to 4 feet.

4 S. rurvEnULE'NTUM (Michx. fl. amer. bor. 1. p. 41. Wats. dendr. brit. 41.) leaves almost sessile ovate or obovate, obtuse ; clothed with powdery tomentum beneath; flowers axillary and nearly terminal by threes on short pedicels. 5. H. Native of Virginia and Carolina, in woods. S. levigàtum, Curt. bot. mag. 921.

Pondery Storax. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1794. Shrub 4 to 6 feet.

* * * Species natives of South America.

5 S. romenrosum (Humb. et Bonpl. pl. sequin. 2. p. 72. t. 101. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 3. p. 264.) leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, acute, glabrous above, but clothed with' white to- mentum beneath ; racemes axillary, simple, 5-8-flowers. h.S. Native of Quito near Malacates. Pedicles, peduncles, and rachi, clothed with whitish or rusty tomentum, and the calyx with white tomentum. Flowers white. Leaves 33 to 44 inches long.

Tomentose Storax. "Tree 30 to 40 feet.

6 S. rro'RipuM (Pohl. pl. bras. 2. p. 54. t. 134.) leaves ob- long-elliptic, attenuated at both ends, glabrous above, but clothed beneath with greenish-hoary down; racemes axillary, simple, erectly spreading; calyx clothed with rusty tomentum. R.G. Native of Brazil, in the province of Goyaz, among bushes in mountainous places, Corollas yellowish-white.

Flowery Storax. Tree 10 feet.

7 S. rerrucineum (Pohl. l. c. p. 55. t. 135.) leaves oblong- ovate, acute, rather attenuated at the base, glabrous above, but greenish-grey beneath, and dotted from tufts ofrusty tomentum; racemes axillary, very short, few flowered ; peduncles and calyxes clothed with hoary yellow tomentum. 5. G. Native of Brazil,

STYRACINEZ.

in the province of Minas Geraes, about Villa Rica. Corollas yellowish-white.

Rusty Storax. Shrub 5 feet.

8 S. camporum (Pohl. l. c. p. 56. t. 135.) leaves oblong, acu- minated, somewhat attenuated at the base, shining and glabrous above, and clothed with greenish hoary tomentum beneath ; ra- cemes axillary, few-flowered; peduncles and calyxes clothed with hoary yellow tomentum. kh. S. Native of Brazil. Co- rollas yellowish-white.

Field Storax. Shrub 5 feet.

9 S. CRYMOPHY'LLUM (Pohl. l. c. p. 57. t. 137.) leaves oblong- lanceolate, acuminated, quite glabrous on both surfaces ; racemes axillary, very short, about 4-flowered, and are, as well as the calyxes, clothed with white or greenish tomentum. b. S. Native of Brazil at Rio Janeiro, among bushes, about Agoacin. Corollas yellowish-white.

Ice-leaved Storax. Shrub.

10 S. parvirozium (Pohl. l. c. p. 53. t. 133.) leaves oblong- ovate, or oblong-elliptic, obtuse, glabrous above, and clothed with greenish canescent tomentum beneath; racemes axillary, compound; calyx clothed with yellowish down girding the pe- ricarp to the middle. k.S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Geraes. Corollas white.

Small-leaved Storax. Shrub 7 to 8 feet.

11 S. acumina‘tum (Pohl. l. c. p. 58. t. 138.) leaves ovate, acuminated, glabrous, clothed with greenish hoary tomentum beneath; racemes axillary, simple; calyx girding the fruit to the fourth part of its length, and is, as well as the peduncles, clothed with yellowish tomentum. kh.S. Native of Rio Ja- neiro, among bushes, about Marambaia. Corollas greenish-white.

Acuminated Storax. Shrub 6 to 8 feet.

12 S. curysa’steruM (Pohl. l. c. p. 59. t. 139.) leaves oblong, acute, glabrous and shining above, but clothed with greenish hoary tomentum beneath; racemes axillary, simple, many-flowered ; calyxes and peduncles clothed with white to- mentum. h.G. Native of Brazil, in the province of Goyaz, among bushes, by the edges of rivers and fields.

Golden-starred Storax. Tree 10 feet.

13 S. rarviFÓLIUM (Pohl.]. c. p. 60. t. 140.) leaves large, oval- ventricose, acute, glabrous above, clothed with rusty tomentum beneath; racemes axillary and terminal, compound ; calyxes and peduncles clothed with rusty tomentum. hk. G. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Geraes, in shady mountain- woods. Corollas yellowish-white, downy.

Broad-leaved Storax. Tree 15 to 20 feet.

14 S. MAcROPHY'LLUM (Pohl. l. c. p. 61. t. 141.)* leaves large, oblong-ovate, acute, rather cordate at the base, glabrous above, clothed with greenish-white tomentum beneath: with reddish-brown villous veins; racemes axillary, short, few- flowered ; calyxes and peduncles clothed with reddish brown villi, h S. Native of Rio Janeiro, among bushes about Pillar. Corolla yellowish-white.

Long-leaved Storax. Tree.

15 S. A'LeuM (Mart, in Spreng. syst. 2. p. 284. Pohl. 1. c. p. 62.) leaves oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous above, but clothed with white tomentum beneath, as well as stellate rusty tomen- tum on the veins and nerves ; calyxes and branches clothed with rusty vill. b. G. Native of Brazil. Flowers whitish.

White Storax. Shrub.

16 S. nETICULA'TUM (Mart. reis. bras. ex Linnea. 5. p. 41.) leaves ovate or obovate-oblong, acute, glabrous above, but clothed with white tomentum beneath, and reticulated with pa- rallel veins and cross nerves; calyxes clothed with white to- mentum, about equal to the corolla in length. h.S. Native of Brazil. Leaves at length repand.

Reticulated Storax. Shrub.

I. STYRAX. 5

17 S. av’reum (Mart. l. c.) leaves ovate, acute, beset with stel- late tufts of tomentum above, but at length shining, clothed with golden yellow tomentum beneath, as well as the branchlets and calyxes, which are a little shorter than the corolla. h. G. Native of Brazil. i

Golden-leaved Storax. Shrub or tree.

18 S. TINIFÒLIUM; leaves oblong-lanceolate, quite entire, hoary beneath ; racemes panicled, terminal, tomentose. h.S. Native of Jamaica. Cléthra tinifolia, Swartz. prod. 74. Tinus occi- dentàlis. Lin. spec. 530. Volkameria, P. Browne, jam. 214. t. 21. f. 1. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 86. t. 198. f. 2. Leaves dark green above. Fruit containing a sweet mealy pulp and a hard stone. Sloane calls it the bastard Locust tree.

Tinus-leaved Storax. Shrub 10 to 12 feet.

* * ** 4 species native of Africa.

19 S. Guiner’nsE; glabrous, leaves oblong, entire, ending in an obtuse acumen, on short petioles; peduncles many- flowered, corymbose, axillary; calyx nearly entire or a little toothed. h. S. Native of Guinea in the island of St. Thomas. Flowers very fragrant, white; anthers combined into a tube. Stigma large ovate. Corolla of 4 and 5 petals.

Guinea Storax. Shrub 6 to 10 feet.

* * * * * Species natives of Asia.

20 S. Acnx'srE; leaves ovate, acuminated, a little serrated; glabrous; peduncles many-flowered, almost terminal; calyx 5-toothed. h. H. Native of Cochin China, among bushes. Cyrta agréstis, Lour. coch. 278. Tube of corolla equal to the calyx in length. Drupe oblong, curved, containing a furrowed nut. Flowers white.

Field Storax. Shrub 6 to 8 feet.

21 S. viziósuw (Blum. bijdr. p. 671.) leaves oblong, acu- minated, acutish at the base, unequal sided, rather villous be- neath; racemes simple, shorter than the leaves; flowers with 6, rarely with 5 stamens. h.S. Native of Java, in woods, on Mount Salak.

Villous Storax. Fl. Oct. Shrub.

22 S. Java’nicum (Blum. bijdr. p. 671.) leaves oblong acute, rounded at the base, glabrous, rather tomentose on the rib be- neath ; racemes crowded, many-flowered, much shorter than the petioles; flowers hexandrous. h.S. Native of Java on the Parang mountains, in the province of Tjanjor; and in woods on Mount Burangrang.

Java Storax. Fl. Aug. Tree 40 to 50 feet.

23 S. virca‘rum (Wall. cat. no. 4400.) branches downy; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminated, denticulated ; calyx and co- rola downy outside. h.S. Native of Silhet. Calyx obso- letely 5-toothed. Segments of corolla lanceolate.

Twiggy Storax. Shrub.

24 S. Porreria’num (Wall. cat. no. 4401.) branches, calyxes, corollas, petioles and young leaves, downy ; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminated, almost quite entire. b. S. Native of Penang. Calyx entire. Corolla 6-parted, with elliptic-lanceolate acute segments.

Porter’s Storax. Shrub.

25 S. Frytaysonia‘num (Wall. cat. no. 4403.) downy like the last; leaves elliptic-acuminated, quite entire, canescent beneath. b.S. Native of the East Indies. Flowers fasciculated, ter- minal racemose. Leaves, green above. Calyx obsoletely 5- toothed. Corolla 5-6 cleft.

Finlayson’s Storax. Shrub.

26 S. serruta‘tum (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 415.) leaves oblong acuminated, serrulated, glabrous, racemes terminal, simple, vil- lous; branches pubescent at top, as well as the young leaves beneath. h. S. Native of Chittagong. Cyrta, Ham. mss.

6 STYRACINEJE. I. Sryrax.

Koom-jameva is the Bengaleese name of the tree. Leaves 3 inches long. Corolla 6-cleft. Drupe 1-4-seeded.

Serrulated-leaved storax. Shrub.

27 S. Bewzorn (Dryand. in trans. roy. soc. 77. p. 307. t. 12. Woodv. med. bot. p. 200. t. 72.) leaves ovate-oblong, acumi- nated, glabrous above, but clothed with leprous tomentum be- neath, as well as the calyxes; racemes compound almost the length of the leaves; flowers with 7-9-10-stamens. bh. S. Native of Sumatra and Java. Church. & Stev. med. bot. 3. t. 112. Blum. bijdr. p. 671. Plench, icon. t. 342. Benjüi, Garc. in Clus. exot. p. 155. A'rbor. Benzoini, Grim. in ephem. acad. nat. cur. dec. 2. ann. 1. p. 370. f. 31. Benzóin, Radermacher, in act. Soc. batav. 3. p. 44. Laürus Benzóin Houtt. in act. harlem. vol. 21. p. 265. t. 7. Benjamin or Benzoin, Marsden, Sumatra, p. 123. Luban is the Bengalese name of the resin. Leaves a hand long. Corolla white, downy outside; segments linear.— Though Gar- cias, Grim and Sylvias were acquainted with the real tree from which Benzoin is collected, their descriptions are so imperfect that succeeding botanists have fallen into many errors concern- ing it ; and it is remarkable that, although this drug was always imported from the East Indies, most of the later writers on the Materia Medica have conceived it to be collected from a species of Laürus, native of Virginia, to which, from this erroneous supposition, they have given the trivial name Benzoin. Linnzus Mant. p. 297., seems to think that the drug is furnished by the Croton Bentzde, and afterwards, in the Supplementum Plantarum, p. 434, he describes the same plant again under the name of Terminalia Benzóin. Jacquin, who was informed that this shrub was called by the French, Bienjoint, may have occasioned the mistake, from the similar sound of the word. Mr. Dryander, however, in the year 1787, clearly proved it to be a species of Styrax. The tree is deemed in Sumatra to be of sufficient age in 6 years, or when the trunk is about 7 or 8 inches in dia- meter, to afford the Benzoin. The bark is then cut through longitudinally or somewhat obliquely, at the origin of the prin- cipal lower branches, from which the drug exudes in a liquid state, and by exposure to the sun and air soon concretes, when it is scraped off. The trees are not found to sustain the effects of these annual incisions longer than 10 or 12 years. The quantity each tree yields never exceeds 3 pounds. The Benzoin which issues first from the wounded bark is the purest, being soft, extremely fragrant, and very white ; that which is less esteemed is of a brownish colour, very hard, and mixed with various impu- rities. In Arabia, Persia, and other parts of the East, the coarser sort is consumed in fumigating and perfuming temples, and in destroying insects. The Benzoin which we find here in the shops is in large brittle masses, composed partly of white, partly of yellowish or light brown ; that which is clearest and contains the most white matter, is accounted the best. This resin has very little taste, impressing on the palate only a slight sweet- ness; its smell, especially when rubbed or heated, is extremely fragrant and agreeable. It totally dissolves in rectified spirit, the impurities excepted, into a deep yellow-red liquor, and in this state discovers a degree of warmth and pungency as well as sweetness. It imparts, by digestion, to water also, a consider- able share of its fragrance, and a slight pungency ; the filtered liquor, gently exhaled, leaves not a resinous or mucilaginous extract, but a crystalline matter, seemingly of a saline nature, amounting to one-tenth of an eighth of the weight of Benzoin. Exposed to the fire in proper vessels, it yields a quantity of white saline concrete, called Flores Benzoes, of an acidulous taste, and grateful odour, soluble in rectified spirit, and in water by the assistance of heat.

As the trees which afford Storax and Benzoin, are species of the same genus, their products are very similar in their ex- ternal appearance, and not widely different in their sensible

HALESIACEJE. I. Hatesia.

qualities; itis therefore reasonable to suppose that they are ana- logous in their medicinal effects. Benzoin, however, though rarely employed in a simple state, has been frequently pre- scribed as a pectoral, and is recommended for inveterate coughs, asthmas, obstructions of the lungs, and all phthisical complaints, unattended by much fever; it has also been used as a cosmetic, and in the way of fumigation for the resolution of indolent tumours. Dr. Cullen classes benzoin with the sti- mulants, and says that the flores benzoes, which is the only pre- paration employed, are manifestly a saline substance, of an acid kind, of considerable acrimony and stimulant power; and although it has been recommended as a pectoral, he found it heating and hurtful in asthmatic cases in a dose of half a drachm. In the Pharmacopoeias the flowers are directed in the tinctura opi camphorata, and it is ordered in substance in the tinctura benzoes composita.

Benzoin Storax. Tree.

Cult. The hardy species of Stórax are proper plants for shrubberies, being very handsome when in flower. A light soil suits them best. The best way of increasing them is by layers put down in the autumn or spring. The stove and greenhouse species will grow freely in a mixture of loam, peat, and sand ; and will be easily propagated by cuttings planted in sand, under a hand-glass; those of the tropical species in heat.

Orver CLXII. HALESIA‘CEZ (this order only contains the genus Halésia, or Snow-drop trees). D. Don, in edinb. phil. journ. dec. 1828. Symplocinee, part. of authors. Guaia- cane, part. Juss. 156.

Calyx small, 4-toothed. Corolla monopetalous, ventricosely campanulate, with a 4-lobed, erect border. Stamens 12-16; filaments combined into a tube at the base, and adnate to the - corolla; anthers oblong, erect, 2-celled, dehiscing lengthwise. Ovarium inferior. Style 1 ; stigma simple. Drupe dry, corticate, oblong, with 2-4-winged angles, terminated by the permanent style: containing a 2-4-celled putamen, which is acute at both ends; cells 1-seeded ; seeds attached to the bottom of the cells ; testa of seeds simple, very thin. Embryo length of albumen, with linear-oblong cotyledons ; and a long, linear, compressed inferior radicle. Albumen fleshy.— Trees with alternate, serrated leaves; and lateral fascicles of pedicellate, drooping, white flowers. This order comes nearest to Symplocinee, from which it differs in the inferior ovarium, in the fruit being a hard, dry, winged nut, and in the corolla being more decidedly monopetalous.

I. HALESIA (so named by Ellis in honour of the learned and venerable Stephen Hales, D.D. F.R.S., author of Veget- able Staticks in 1722). Ellis in Lin. gen. no. 596. Geertn. fruct. 1. p. 160. t. 32. Juss. gen. 156.

Lin. syst. Dodecándria, Monogynia. as the order.

1 H. TETRA'PTERA (Lin. spec. 636. Ellis in phil. trans. vol. 51. p. 931. t. 22. f. A.) leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, sharply serrated; petioles glandular ; fruit with 4 wings. h. H. Native of South Carolina, along the banksof rivers, Curt. bot. mag. 910. Lodd. bot. cab. 1173. Cav. diss. 6. p. 338. t. 186. Lam. ill. 404. Leaves acuminated, with the middle depressed. Flowers pure white, 9-10 in a fascicle, drooping, resembling those of the snow-drop. The wood is hard and veined; the bark is of a darkish colour, with many irregular fissures.

Four-winged-fruited Halesia, or Common Snow-drop Tree. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1756. Tree 15 to 20 feet.

2 H. raRvirLóRA (Michx. fl. amer. bor. 2. p. 40.) leaves

Character the same

MYRSINEACEE. 7

ovate-oblong, acute, nearly entire; flowers octandrous; fruit clavate, slightly 4-winged. h.H. Native of Florida. Ker. bot. reg. t. 952. Leaves downy, glaucous beneath. Racemes panicled. Flowers white, drooping. Calycine teeth ovate.

pci tavered Snow-drop-tree. Fl. May. Clt.1802. Tree 10 feet.

8 H. píerzna (Lin. spec. 636.) leaves ovate, acute, serrated ; petioles smooth and even ; pedicels elongated ; fruit with 2 large opposite wings and 2 obsolete ones. h. H. Native of Georgia and Carolina, in shady places on the banks of rivers. Cav. diss. 6. p. 338. t. 187. Lodd. bot. cab. 1172. Flowers oc- tandrous. Leaves much larger than those of either of the pre-

ceding species. i; Two-winged-fruited Snow-drop-tree. Fl. April, May. Clt.

1758. "Tree 10 feet.

Cult. The species of Snow-drop-tree are well fitted for shrubberies and lawns, on account of the profusion of early snow- drop-like blossoms which they bear. They will grow in any common soil, and are to be increased by slips of the root and by seeds.

Orver CXLIII. MYRSINEA'CE/E (this order contains plants agreeing with Myrsine in important characters). Myr- sine, R. Br. prod. p. 533. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 100. Ardisidceze, Juss. ann. mus. 15. p. 349. Ophiospérme, Vent. cels. p. 86. Sapòtæ, part. Juss. gen. p. 168.

Calyx permanent, 4-5-lobed (f. 3. a. f. 4.a.). Corolla ga- mopetalous (f. 4. b. f. 5. b.), rarely polypetalous, regular ; lobes or petals equal in number to the lobes of the calyx. Sta- mens equal in number to the lobes of the corolla, inserted in its base (f. 4. b.), and opposite the lobes, free from each other or combined. Pollen ovoid-globose, smooth. Ovarium free or adhe- rent, 1-celled ; ovula immersed in the central placenta. Style 1. Drupe or berry 1 or many-seeded. Albumen horny, conforming to the seed, or deficient. Cotyledons short. Plumule inconspicuous or very short.—Trees, shrubs, or subshrubs. Leaves alternate, rarely almost opposite or subverticillate, simple, entire, or toothed. Flowers axillary, pedunculate, or sessile, with inde- finite centripetal floration. All the parts are more or less fur- nished with resinous matter, which appears in dots. The hairs are simple or stellate, usually rising from cells, generally very -~ short; on the peduncles, calyxes, and lower surface of the leaves they are most frequent; in most of the species the situation, form, and number are variable.

The plants contained in this order are mostly inhabitants of the warmer regions of Asia and America, but never beyond the 39th degree of latitude. The order is intermediate between Sapotee and Primulacee. Sapdtee differs from it in the whorl of stamens being alternate with the lobes of the corolla; and from Primulàcec in the fruit being indehiscent, and in habit. The Myrsinee have more or less a disposition to produce a resinous substance, which appears as dots in different parts of the plant, chiefly on the leaves, flowers, and berries. It may be seen also in the hard wood of Myrsine and ZEgíceras; these dots are dark or light brown, reddish, orange, or yellow; they vary in size, shape, and position in different species. Alphonse de Candolle supposes the styptic taste of the fruit of Embelia Ribes to depend very much upon the quantity, and some pecu- liar quality, of this resinous substance.

Synopsis of the genera.

Trise I. JEeicE'Rz;. Flowers pentamerous. Filaments connate at the base. Ovarium superior, many-seeded. Stigma simple. Drupe

long, cylindrical, follicular, 1-seeded. Albumen none. Embryo erect.

1 ZEarYcERas. Characters the same as the tribe.

Trise II.

AnpnisiE E. Calyx and corolla 4-5-lobed (f. 3. a. b. f. 4. a. b. f.5. a. b.). Stamens usually free. Ovarium superior, many- seeded. Drupe or berry globose, l-seeded. Albumen horny. Embryo transverse.

2 Watre'nia. Calyx and corolla tubular, 4-lobed ; filaments connate at the base; anthers ovoid. Stigma dot-formed.

3 Weice’tt14, Calyx and corolla 4-parted. Filaments free ; anthers ovoid. Style short.

4 CowowónPHa. Calyx and corolla 4+cleft, funnel-shaped ; filaments free, inserted in the upper part of the corolla; anthers ovate-triangular. Stigma simple.

5 Cypia’ntuus. Calyx and corolla 4-cleft, rotate ; filaments very short; anthers oblong, opening by 2 pores at top. Stigma sessile, sub-capitate.

6 My’rsine. Calyx and corolla 4-6-lobed (f. 3. a. d.). Fila- ments short, free. Stigma fringed, lobed, or simple (f. 8. 5.).

7 Ba’puta. Calyx 5-lobed (f. 4. a.). Corolla 5-cleft (f. 4. b.). Stigma thick, capitate, or obscurely lobed (f. 4. c.).

8 Oncoste‘mum. Calyx and corolla 5-cleft. Stamens com- bined into a mass, or into a 5-toothed tube. Stigma funnel- shaped, nearly entire, or denticulated.

9 Arprsta. Calyx and corolla 5-cleft (f. 5. a. b.). ments free; anthers triangular, free, or combined. simple, subulate, or dot-formed.

10 Empe‘tia. Calyx and corolla 5-parted. Filaments free ; anthers ovoid. Stigma capitate.

11 Cuorire’tatum. Calyx 4-cleft. Stamens combined, and with the petals at the base. form.

Fila- Stigma

Corolla 4-petalled. Style fili-

Trise III.

Calyx 5-lobed. Corolla 5-lobed, induplicate in Stamens 5, free. Ovarium adherent, half inferior, Style short ; stigma obscurely 3-5-lobed. Seeds Embryo

Mae'sEz, cestivalion. many -ovulate. numerous, small, angular, fixed to the central placenta. transverse.

12 Mz'sa.

+ A genus doubtful whether belonging to the present order. 13 ConvwocA'nPus. Calyx of 5 concave sepals. Corolla of 5 roundish petals, Stamens 5, from the claws of the petals. Drupe clavate, containing a 1-seeded nut. Tribe I.

JEGICE REX (this tribe contains only the genus ZEgiceras), Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 100. Calyx 5-parted; seg- ments obliquely imbricated. Corolla 5-cleft. Filaments con- nate at the base; anthers free, sagittate, having the cells burst-

Character the same as that of the tribe.

8 MYRSINEACEZ. II. WALLENIA.

I. JEcticERAs. ing lengthwise. Ovarium superior, many-seeded. Stigma simple. Drupe long, cylindrical, follicular, 1-seeded. Albu- men none. Embryo erect. Habit of the genera of Sapotee.

I. /EGYCERAS (from aE avyoc, aix aigos, a goat, and xepac, keras, a horn; form of fruit). Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 216. t. 46. Koen. ann. bot. 1. p. 129. R. Br. prod. p. 534.

Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Character the same as that of the tribe.—Small trees, natives of the sea-shore, among mangroves.

1 Æ. rra‘crans (Keen. in ann. bot. 1. p. 129. with a figure. Hook. bot. misc. 3. p. 84. t. 21.) leaves obovate, repand, veiny ; umbels pedunculate. axillary, and terminal; fruit cylindrical, subulate, a little arched. h. G. Native of New Holland, Mo- luccas, Java, Burman empire, Penang, Delta of Ganges, and Ma- labar, by the sea side, amongst mangroves. Æ. màjus, Gertn. fruct. 1. p. 216. t. 46. Æ. obovàtum, Blum. bijdr. p. 693. JE. flóridum, Rom. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 512. Rhizophora corniculàta, Lin. spec. 635.—Rumph. amb. 3. t. 117. A stout milky shrub. Superior surface of leaves covered with saline excrescence. Flowers white, fragrant, in terminal umbels.

Fragrant ZEgiceras. Clt.? Tree small.

2 Æ. re'RREUM (Blum. bijdr. p. 693.) leaves small, spatulate, with subrecurved margins, almost veinless ; umbels axillary and terminal; fruit cylindrical, subulate, arched. p. S. Native of the east shore of Java, where it is called Kalemugon. Mán- gium férreum, Rumph. amb. 3. t. 79.

[ron JEgiceras. Fl. year. Shrub.

Cult. The species of this genus grow well in a mixture of sand, loam, and peat; and ripened cuttings will strike root in sand, under a hand-glass, in heat.

Tribe II.

ARDISIE JE (this tribe contains shrubs agreeing with the genus Ardisia in important characters). Alph, D.C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 101. Calyx 4-5-lobed. Corolla gamopetalous. Stamens usually free ; cells of anthers bursting lengthwise or at the apex. Ovarium superior, many-seeded. Drupe or berry globose, l-seeded. Albumen horny. Embryo transverse.

II. WALLE' NIA (so named in memory of Matthew Wallen, a native of Ireland, many years resident in Jamaica, who culti- vated both indigenous and exotic plants there, at considerable expense, and much assisted Patrick Browne in his Natural His- tory of Jamaica). Swartz. prod. 1. p. 31. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 248. Schreb. gen. no. 1722. p. 789.

Lin. syst. T'etrándria, Monogynia. Calyx and corolla tu- bular, 4-lobed at the apex. Stamens inserted in the base of the corolla ; filaments combined at the base, free at top and ex- serted ; anthers ovoid, much shorter than the filaments, dehiscing lengthwise. Style short; stigma dot-formed.— Small trees. Leaves alternate, nearly opposite, or 3 in a whorl, oblong, more or less obtuse, entire, coriaceous, glabrous. Panicles terminal, naked, many-flowered ; pedicels forming umbellets at the tops of the peduncles. Lobes of calyx and corolla obtuse, imbricate in eestivation.

1 W. rauniFOLIA (Swartz. prod. p. 31. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 248. t. 6.) calyx and corolla covered with glandular dots. h.S. Native of Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Cuba. Petesioides lauri- folium, Jacq. amer. 17.—Sloane, Jam. 2. p. 234. t. 145. f. 5. Flowers yellow. Berries scarlet. Glandular dots orange- coloured. Jacquin describes the leaves as 6 inches long, and greasy ; and the flowers as white.

Laurcl-leaved Wallenia. "Tree 10 to 14 feet.

2 W. ANGULA'TA (Jacq. hort. schoenbr. 1. t. 30.) peduncles thicker; calyx and corolla without glandular dots. h.S. Na- tive of the East Indies? Cultivated in the gardens of the Mau- ritius, and in those of Vienna.

III. Wesicertia. IV. CowowonrHa. V. CysrANTHUS. Angular Wallenia. Tree 10 to 12 feet.

Cult. See Ardisia, p. 20. for culture and propagtion.

II. WEIGELTIA (named after M. Weigelt, who first col- lected the plant). Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 102.

Lin. syst. T'etrándria, Monogiíjnia. Calyx and corolla 4- parted. Stamens 4, inserted in the base of the corolla; fila- ments free, filiform, shorter than the lobes of the corolla ; anthers ovoid, much shorter than the filaments, horizontal; having the cells dehiscing lengthwise. Style acuminated, 3 times shorter than the stamens. This genus differs from Wallénia in the in- florescence ; in the calyx and corolla being deeply divided ; in the filaments being free, &c. — .

1 W. myria’ntHos (Alph. D. C.1. c). k. S. Native about Surinam. Wallénia myriánthos, Rchb. in Weigelt. pl. exsic. sur. Branches glabrous. Leaves obovate, more or less acute, glabrous, 3-5 inches long, beset with red pellucid dots when examined by alens. Peduncles numerous, alternate in the axils of the leaves, rather velvety. Bracteas alternate, oblong. Co- rolla white, dotted with red.

Myriad flowered Weigeltia.

Cult.

Tree small. See Ardisia, p. 20. for culture and propagation.

IV. CONOMO'RPHA (from ywvn, chone, a funnel, and poppn, morphe, form; in reference to the shape of the corolla). Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 102.—Wallénia spec. Mart. nov. gen. bras. 3. p. 89.— Conóstylus, Pohl. in litt. to D. C.

Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Calyx and corolla 4- cleft, funnel-shaped. Stamens 4, one half shorter than the co- rolla ; filaments inserted in the upper part of the tube of the corolla, very short, free; anthers erect, ovate-triangular, in- closed, fixed by the base; having the cells dehiscing length- wise. Ovarium conical in the abortive flowers, and nearly glo- bose in the fertile flowers. Style short; stigma simple. Drupe 1-seeded.—Small, American trees. Leaves alternate, entire, full of dots, coriaceous, varying in size on the same branch. Racemes axillary ; pedicels alternate, short, in the axils of the bracteas. Flowers probably polygamous, the ovarium not always being perfect.

1 C. onaroNerróriA (Alph. D. C. 1. c. p. 103.) leaves oblong; peduncles shorter than the petioles. h.S. Native of Brazil. Cenéstylus oblongifólius, Pohl. ined. “Branches slender, gla- brous. Leaves oblong or obovate, 3-4 inches long, 12-15 lines broad, obtuse, or acute, beset with blackish dots. Peduncles many-flowered. Bracteas ovate, obtuse. Lobes of calyx and corolla ovate, acute, glabrous. Corolla whitish, funnel-shaped.

Oblong-leaved Conomorpha. Tree small.

2 C. raxirzónA (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves obovate or oblong, bluntish, cuneated towards the base; racemes nearly equal, length of leaves, pendulous; bracteas linear-lanceolate, acumin- ated; calycine segments triangular, a little ciliated; corolla campanulate, having the lobes reflexed at the apex. h. S. Native on the banks of the river Amazon. Wallénia laxiflora, Mart. nov. gen. 3. p. 89. Flowers white ?

Loose-flomered Conomorpha. Tree small.

Cult. See Ardisia, p. 20., for culture and propagation.

V. CYBIA'NTHUS (from xvjoc, kybos, a square, and av6oc, anthos, flower ; square form of corollas). Mart. nov. gen. $. p. 87. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 108.

Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Calyx deeply 4-cleft. Corolla 4-cleft, rotate, flat, making the circumference nearly square : having the lobes as well as the calyx marked with dots and immersed glandular lines. Stamens 4 ; filaments very short ; anthers nearly sessile, oblong, erect, opening by 2 pores at the apex. Ovarium superior, minute (abortive ?), depressedly glo-

MYRSINEACEZ. V. Cysianruus.

bose. Stigma sessile, sub-capitate. Ovula erect, probably numerous. Drupe l-seeded.?— Small trees, natives of Brazil. Leaves scattered, but approximate towards the extremities of the branches, petiolate, beset with gland-like tubercles. Flowers small, unibracteate, disposed in axillary erectish or drooping racemes. Lobes of corolla, but particularly those of the calyx, fringed with hairs.

1 C. penputinus (Mart. nov. gen. bras. 3. p. 87. t. 236.) leaves oblong, acute at both ends, glabrous; petioles pilose at the base; racemes loose, pendulous, about equal in length to the leaves, downy; calycine segments acute. h. S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Rio Negro. Flowers white.

Drooping Cybianthus. Tree.

2 C. cunziréuivs (Mart. l. c. p. 88.) leaves broad-lanceo- late, acute, tapering much to the base, glabrous ; petioles pilose ; racemes spreading, downy, 3 times shorter than the leaves; calycine segments bluntish. k. S. Native of Brazil, near Sebastionople. Flowers white.

Wedge-leaved Cybianthus. Tree. |

'8 C. principis (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 104) leaves lanceolate, attenuate at the apex and bluntish ; panicles axillary and terminal, shorter than the leaves; peduncles spreading, an- gular; flowers somewhat fascicled at the apex; segments of corolla oblong, reflexed. ).S. Native of Brazil, at the river Ilheos, where it was collected by Prince Neuweid. Wallénia angustifolia, Nees. et Mart. beitr. zur. fl. bras. in nov. act. bonn. 11. p. 87. Flowers white.

Prince Neuweid’s Cybianthus. Tree.

4 C. Huwsórprn (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves oblong, acumi- nate, undulately ciliated, glabrous, shining above; panicles ter- minal, simple; flowers disposed in fascicular umbels; segments of corolla oblong, obtuse, revolute. h. S. Native of New Granada, on the Andes, about Quindiu, at the altitude of about 1200 hexapods. Flowers pedicellate, 3-5 in a fascicle. Berries red. Ardisia tetrándra, H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 243. Habit of Ardisia crenata.

Humboldt's Cybianthus. Tree 15-20 feet.

Cult. For culture and propagation see Ardisia, p. 20.

VI. MY'RSINE (pvpew, myrsine, the Greek name of Myrrh). Lin. gen. ed. 1. p. 54. no. 269. Juss. gen. 152. Geertn. fruct. t. 59. R. Br. prod. p. 533. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans 17. p. 104. —Rapànea, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 121.—Caballéria, Ruiz. et Pav. prod. fl. per. p. 141.—Manglilla, Juss. gen. 152. Pers. ench. 1. p. 237.—Athrurophyllum, Lour. coch. 148.— Sideróxylon, Scleróxylon, Samara, Roeméria, Chrysophyllum, species of authors.

Lin. syst. — Tétra-Hezxándria Monogynia, or Polygamia Dioecia. Calyx and corolla 4-5-6-lobed (f. 3. a. d.); lobes of corolla imbricate in eestivation. Stamens equal in number to the lobes of the corolla, free; filaments very short, inserted in the tube of the corolla; anthers usually almost sessile, erect, acute: having the cells dehiscing lengthwise. Ovarium with an indefinite number of ovula, 4-5, ex R. Br. Style short, usually caducous ; stigma fringed, or lobed, or simple. Drupe, or berry, pea-formed, 1l-seeded.— Trees, or small shrubs, with alternateleaves. Flowers polygamous or hermaphrodite, sessile, or on very short pedicels, in fascicles ; fascicles axillary, more or less covered by imbricate, obtuse, permanent bracteas. This is a very polymorphous genus, distinguished by its peculiar inflo- rescence readier than by any other character.

* Stigma fringed or lobed.

1 M. Unvírrz: (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 105.) gla- brous; leaves ovate, obtuse, entire, full of pellucid dots; flowers almost sessile, fascicled, pentandrous, polygamous; lobes of

VOL. IV.

VI. Myrsinz. 9

calyx small, tooth-formed ; anthers sessile, ovoid. kh. G. Native of New Zealand, in Tasman's Bay, and Cook's Strait. Leaves 1-2 inches long, obtuse, and somewhat emarginate, mem- branous, covered with yellow dots. Bracteas a little ciliated. Corolla 5-parted ; glabrous, hardly a line long. Berry ovoid.

D'Urville's Myrsine. Shrub.

2 M. Arrica‘na (Lin. spec. 285) glabrous; leaves elliptic, serrated, acute, dotted ; flowers axillary, by threes, pentandrous, polygamous ; segments of corolla ciliated ; corolla full of testa- ceous dots; calycine segments obovate. h.G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. M. glabra, Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 282.— Comm. hort. 1. p. 123. t. 164.— Pluk. phyt. t. 80. f. 5.—Breyn. cent. 9. t. 5. Flowers on short pedicels, pale. Berries blue, dotted. Stigma panicled.

Var. B, retàsa (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 105.) leaves obovate, obtuse, emarginately toothletted at top. h.G. Na- tive of the Azores. M. retüsa, Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 271. Vent. cels. t. 86.—M. scàbra, Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 182. Berries size of red currants, rugged from small tubercles, with a straw- coloured rind. Cultivated since

FIG. 3.

1788, and flowers in June. (f. 3.)

African Myrsine. Fl. Mar. May. Clt. 1691. Shrub 3-6

feet.

3 M. sira‘r1a (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 296.) branches and petioles villous; leaves small, lanceolate, cuspidately serrated, cuneated and entire at the base, glabrous, dotted ; flowers almost sessile, tetrandrous, polygamous, in axillary fascicles ; calycine segments lanceolate, ciliated ; filaments very short; anthers large, exserted. kh. G. Native of Nipaul, from Hetounra to the valley, and on the surrounding mountains. It is also a native of Kamaon and Shreenagur. A large shrub, with hardly any defined stem. Leaves bifarious, coriaceous. Flowers white, tinged with pink, 5 or 6 in a fascicle, besprinkled with copious brown elevated dots. Stigma warted. Drupe round, and about the size of a coriander seed.

Bifarious-leaved Myrsine. El. Dec. March. Tree 20 feet.

4 M. susspinosa (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. 147.) leaves lanceo- late, acuminated, stiff, glabrous, spinulosely serrated; flowers dioecious, tetrandrous, in sessile axillary umbellate downy fascicles. h. G. Native of Nepaul, at Narainhetty, where it is called Mina Bocoshi by the natives. Samara subspindsa, Hamilt. mss. ex D. Don. 1. c.

Subspinose-leaved Myrsine. Clt. 1823. Tree 20 feet. _

5 M. sr'ssiris (D. Don, 1. c. p. 146.) leaves elliptic-oblong, acuminated, glabrous, shining, denticulated at the apex; flowers hermaphrodite, tetrandrous, in sessile umbellate axillary fasci- cles; stigma 2-lobed. h. G. Native of Nipaul, in woods, at Narainhetty. Samara séssilis, Hamilt. mss.

Sessile-flowered Myrsine. Fl. Oct. Shrub.

6 M. sEwisERRA'TA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 293. tent. fl. nep. 1. p. 34, with a figure) leaves dense, linear, or linear lan- ceolate, sharply serrulated from the middle to the apex ; flowers tetrandrous and pentandrous, polygamous, pedicellate, 6-12 in a fascicle ; teeth of calyx lanceolate, acute, ciliated; stigma uni- lateral, fringed, 3-lobed. h. G. Native throughout Nipaul, where it is called, in Newar language, Bilsee, Beresse, and Kali- katha. A branchy tree. Branches dotted. Leaves besprinkled with reddish resinous dots, coriaceous, from 3 to 5 inches long,

Cit. 1822.

10

Corolla pale pink. Drupe size of a pea, round, smooth and shining; flesh soft and pulpy. The wood of this tree is of a chocolate colour, radiated, compact, and heavy; it is much es- teemed by the hill.people for various carpenter’s work. They eat the ripe fruit.

Half-serrated-leaved Myrsine. Tree 30-40 feet.

7 M. vaniA ginis (R. Br. prod. p. 532. Sieb. pl. exsic. nov. holl. no. 262.) leaves obovate, oblong, entire, or toothed ; flowers in umbellate sessile fascicles; pedicels glabrous; flowers tetran- drous and pentandrous, polygamous; anthers sessile. kh. G. Native of New South Wales.

Variable Myrsine. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1824. Shrub.

8 M. vuncEonA' A (R. Br. 1. c.) leaves lanceolate-oblong, quite entire; flowers in axillary sessile umbels ; pedicels gla- brous; flowers tetrandrous, polygamous; corolla of the male flowers urceolate; stamens inclosed. h. G. Native of New Holland, within the tropic.

Urceolate-flowered Myrsine. Shrub.

9 M. cnassrrüLIA (R. Br. l. c.) leaves obovate, coriaceous, entire; flowers axillary, aggregate, almost sessile. b. G. Native of New Holland, within the tropic; and of Norfolk Island. Endlicher, prod. fl. ins. norf. p. 48. Bauer, ill. ins. norf. t. 124. Leaves 2 or 23 inches long.

Thick-leaved Myrsine. Shrub.

10 M. zxcz'rsa (D. Don, prod. fl. nep..p. 147) leaves lan- ceolate, acute, quite entire, glabrous, attenuated at the base; flowers dioecious, pentandrous; umbels sessile, glomerate, woolly ; lobes of stigma oblong. h.G. Native of Nipaul, in woods.

Tall Myrsine. Tree 30-40 feet.

11 M. carrrELLA TA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 295.) . leaves oblong-lanceolate, quite entire, coriaceous ; flowers pen- tandrous, polygamous, sessile: in heads, from the axils of the fallen leaves, in which case they appear lateral; calycine teeth ovate-acute; anthers oblong, large. h.G. Native of Nipaul, where it is called, in the Newar language, BhoollaBilloo. Branches angular. Leaves 5-7 inches long, copiously dotted. Flowers greenish, with copious resinous elevated brown dots ; estivation valvate. Calyx urceolate. Corolla with lanceolate-recurved segments and short tube. Stigma slightly 2-lobed. Drupes like those of M. semiserràta, but smaller.

Var. B, parvifólia (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 106) leaves smaller; heads few-flowered. h. G. Native of Silhet. M. lanceolàta, Wall. cat. no. 2297. Leaves 2-3 inches long. Flowers scattered.

Small-headed Myrsine. 30-40 feet.

12 M. rücrpA (Wall. cat. no. 2298.) leaves lanceolate, quite entire, glabrous, with dotted margins ; flowers lateral, in fascicles, pentandrous, polygamous ? calycine lobes ovate, acute, a little ciliated. b. G. Native of the Burman Empire, on Mount Taong Dong. Branches brown. Leaves 4-5 inches long, ONES or bluntish, coriaceous. Berries globose, deep

urple. s p EE E Myrsine. Tree small.

18 M. Porrerra‘na (Wall. cat. no. 6525. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 106.) glabrous; leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, entire; flowers sessile, glomerate, few, pentandrous, polygamous?; calycine lobes ovate, acute, ciliated. h.G. Native of Penang. Branches with white dots, leafy at top. Leaves 13 to 2 inches long, beset with depressed dots beneath.

Porter's Myrsine. Tree small.

14 M. WienriA'NA (Wall. cat. no. 2300. Alph. D. C.1. c.) glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, entire, scabrous from dots; flowers few, sessile, pentandrous, polygamous ?; calycine lobes ovate, acute, ciliated. h.G. Native of the East Indies.

Fl. Dec. March. Clt. 1822.

Fl. Dec. March. Clt.1822. Tree

-

MYRSINEACEA. VI. Myrsine.

Branches inflated at the origin of the leaves and flowers. Leaves approximate at the tops of the branches, 2-3 inches long, some- times obtuse, coriaceous, beset with elevated dots.

Wight’s Myrsine. Tree.

15 M. urvea‘ris (Poir. dict. suppl. 3. p. 709.) leaves linear, quite entire, flat, shining, crowded at the tops of the branches ; flowers pentandrous, in fascicles. R. G. Native of Cochin China, in woods. M. athrurophy'llum, R. Br. Athrurophy'llum lineàre, Lour. coch. p. 148. Flowers small, whitish red.

Linear-leaved Myrsine. Tree tall. i

16 M. iris (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 663.) glabrous; leaves ob- long, acute at both ends; flowers lateral, sessile, aggregate, pentandrous; lobes of calyx roundish, obtuse; corolla rotate, with oblong, obtuse, concave segments; stigma sessile. h. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Sideróxylon mite, Lin. syst. p. 193. Jacq. coll. 2. p. 249. Scleróxylon mite, Willd. spec. 1, p. 1089. Sideróxylon más inérme, Mill.fig.t. 299. Manglílla Milleriàna, Pers. ench. 1. p. 237. Chrysophyllum Millerianum, Lam. ill. no. 2477. In Miller's figure the peduncles are lateral and axillary, cymose.

Mild Myrsine. Fl. July. Clt. 1692. Shrub 6-feet.

17 M. metanopute'os (R. Br. prod. p. 533.) glabrous; leaves elliptic or lanceolate-oblong, bluntish; flowers axillary, aggregate, on short angular pedicels, pentandrous. k. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Sideróxylon melanophléum, Lin. mant. p. 48. Jacq. hort. vind. 1. p. 89. t. 71.— Burm. afr. 238. t. 84. f. 2.—Comm. hort. 1. p. 195. t. 109. Manglílla melanophléos, Pers. ench. 1. p. 237. Chrysophyllum melano- phléum, Lam. dict. Scleróxylon melanophléum, Willd. enum. 1. p. 249. Roeméria melanophléa, Thunb. nov. gen. in Roem. arch. 2. B. p. 1. Flowers hermaphrodite.

Black-paper Myrsine. Fl.?. Clt. 1783. Shrub.

18 M. Sama‘ra (R. Br. l. c. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 511) leaves elliptic ; flowers pentandrous, in small corymbs. h.G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Samara pentándra, Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 160. Willd. spec. 1. p. 665. Flowers small. Branches leafy at top.

Samara Myrsine. Fl. Feb. Nov. Clt. 1770. Shrub.

19 M. ave'nts (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 107.) leaves lanceolate, bluntish at the apex, narrowed at the base, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous, nearly veinless ; flowers in axillary and lateral fascicles; calycine teeth acute. h. S. Native of Java, on the top of Mount Burangrang. Ardisia avénis, Blume, bijdr. t. 691.

Veinless Myrsine. Tree 20 feet.

20 M. Manacascanie'vsrs (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves oblong, obtuse, entire, glabrous, coriaceous, thick, beset with black dots beneath ; flowers in fascicles, pentandrous, polygamous. ? caly- cine lobes ovate, a little ciliated ; berries globose, pedicellate. k. S. Native of Madagascar. Leaves 2-4 inches long, emar- ginate, attenuated into the petioles. Pedicels three lines long.

Madagascar Myrsine. Shrub or tree. é

21 M. Rapa‘nza (R. Br. prod. 533. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4, p. 509.) glabrous; leaves obovate, entire, full of ex- cavated dots on both surfaces: flowers pentandrous, male and hermaphrodite, in axillary and lateral fascicles; corolla white; calycine segments ovate, acute. b. S. Native of French Guiana, Island of Trinidad; and about Bahia, in Brazil. Rapànea Guianénsis, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 121. t. 46. Swartz, fl. ind. 1. p. 262. Lam. ill. t. 121, f. 1. Samara pen- tándra, Swartz, descr. 262. but not of Ait. Samàrá floribünda, Willd. spec. 1. p. 665. Caballéria coriàcea, Meyer. esseq. p. 118. Berries globose, violaceous, size of a grain of pepper. Flowers white. Leaves 4-5 inches long.

Rapanea Myrsine. Shrub 5-6 feet.

22 M. coriacea (R. Br. prod. p. 533. Roem. et Schultes,

MYRSINEACEZ. VI. Myrsine. 11

syst. 4. p. 509.) leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute, coriaceous ; flowers pentandrous, hermaphrodite,? sessile, in axillary fascicles. h.S. Native of Jamaica, Cuba, and Porto Rico. Samara coriacea, Swartz, prod. 32. descr. 261. Willd. spec. 1. p. 665.

Coriaceous-leaved Myrsine. Fl. Nov. Feb. Clt. 1770. Tree.

23 M. Froripa‘na (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 107.) glabrous; leaves oval-oblong, entire, coriaceous, dotted beneath ; fascicles few-flowered, but numerous; flowers pentandrous ; calyx 5-parted. kh. G. Native of Florida. Sideréxylon punctatum, Lam. ill no. 2460.? Bumélia punctata, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 498.? Branches beset with ovate white warts. Leaves 2-3 inches long, obtuse or acutish, shining above, dotted. Berries globose, spotted. Allied to M. Manglilla, but the leaves are more oblong, and on shorter petioles; and to M. coridcea, from which it differs in the larger leaves, which are never emarginate ; oval-oblong, not cuneate-oblong, &c.

Florida Myrsine. Shrub.

24 M. Manetizta (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 509. ex R. Br. prod. 533.) glabrous ; leaves oblong, obtuse, white beneath; fascicles axillary and lateral, on short pedicels; calycine seg- ments ovate. h. G. Native of Peru, about Lima. Sider- óxylon Manglíllo, Lam. dict. 1. p. 245. Manglilla, Juss. gen. 151. Manglilla Peruviàna, Gmel, syst. p. 398. — Scleróxylon Manglíllo, Willd. mag. 3. p. 59. Duhamélia Manglillo, Dombey. Caballéria oblónga, Ruiz. et Pav. syst. fl. per. 1. p. 280. Manglílla Jussiéui, Pers. ench. 1. p. 237. Chrysophyllum Manglilla, Lam. ill. 2. p. 45. Bumélia Manglílla, Willd. spec. 2. p. 1087.

Manglilla Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

25 M. Tmixira ris (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 108.) leaves elliptie, acute at both ends, glabrous, entire, dotted be- neath ; fascicles few-flowered ; flowers small, pedicellate, pen- tandrous. h.S. Nativeof Trinidad. M. coriàcea, Sieb. pl. exsic. trin. no. 50. and 302. Extremities of the branches rusty, and rather velvety. Leaves 1-2 inches long, paler and dotted beneath. Calycine lobes small, lanceolate. This species differs from M. coridcea in the acute leaves and smaller glabrous flowers.

Trinidad Myrsine. Tree or shrub.

26 M. sariciròLIia (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves elliptic, entire ; petioles pilose ; fascicles many-flowered ; flowers pentandrous ; calycine lobes ciliated; berries globose, marked with oblong spots. h. S. Native of Guadaloupe. Bumélia salicifolia, Bert. ined. in herb. Balb. Branches dotted, velvety at top. Leaves 14 to 2 inches long, firm, paler and dotted beneath. Calycine segments ovate-oblong, marked with yellow oblong spots. Style short, obtuse. Very nearly allied to M. Trinitàtis.

Willow-leaved Myrsine. ‘Tree or shrub.

27 M. Berre‘ru (Alph. D. C. 1. c. p. 109.) branches pube- rulous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acutish, entire, glabrous above, puberulous beneath and on the petioles; flowers nearly sessile, rather velvety, pentandrous ; lobes of calyx and corolla obtuse. h. S. Native of Hispaniola. Sideróxylon Mastichodéndron, Balb. in herb. D. C. Branches and petioles as if they were covered with powder. Leaves 2 inches long, narrowed into the petioles. Flowers 4-5 in each fascicle. Berry globose, gla- brous, terminated by the truncate style. This species comes very near M. salicifolia, but the leaves are a little smaller, less acute, and are downy beneath, as well as the branches, petioles, and flowers.

Bertero’s Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

28 M. rrnRUGÍNEA (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 664) leaves lanceo- late, acute, quite entire, coriaceous, rather pilose; flowers in fascicles, on short pedicels, hermaphrodite, pentandrous ; lobes of calyx and corolla acute; stigma 2-lobed. p. G. Native

of Peru, in mountain groves. Caballéria ferrugínea, Ruiz. et Pav. syst. l. p. 210. Branches rather pilose. Leaves 2} inches long, rusty and dotted beneath: having the petioles, and central nerve rufous and velvety. Calyx smoothish. Berry spotted much.

Rusty Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

29 M. rure’scens (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 109.) branches and nerves of leaves dotted with rufescent velvety down; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, entire, on long petioles ; flowers tetrandrous ; stigma 2-lobed, thickish. h.S. Native of Brazil, in the woods of Corcovado, near Rio Janeiro. Branches twiggy. Leaves 2-3 inches long, pale and dotted beneath. Flowers in fascicles at the base of the branches. Berry globose, full of elongated marks.

Rufescent Myrsine. Shrub.

30 M. rarrróLrA (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 664.) leaves oblong, quite entire, dotted on both surfaces ; flowers numerous, pentan- drous, conglomerate. h.G. Native of Peru, in the woods of Muna and Pillao. Caballéria latifolia, Ruiz. et Pav. syst. 1. p. 279.

Broad-leaved Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

31 M. rrErrv'cra (Spreng. l. c.) leaves obovate-oblong, dotted; dots pellucid, roundish on the upper surface, but linear on the under: flowers pentandrous, aggregate. ^5. G. Native of Peru, on the mountains, in woods. Caballéria pellucida, Ruiz. et Pav. l. c.

Pellucid-dotted Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

39 M. pventa‘ra (Spreng. l. c.) branches dependent; leaves crowded, ovate and cordate, upper ones dentated; flowers race- mose, pentandrous; style long; stigma depressed. h. G. Native of Peru, on the mountains. Caballéria dentata, Ruiz. et Pav. l. c. p. 281.

Tooth-leaved Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

33 M. venosissima (Spreng. l. c.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, quite entire, full of pellucid dots; flowers aggregate, pentan- drous. bh. G. Native of Peru, on the mountains. Caballéria venosíssima, Ruiz. et Pav. l. c. p. 282.

Very veiny-leaved Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

34 M. prPE'NpENs (Spreng. l. c.) branches dependent, vel- vety; leaves crowded, broad-elliptic, retuse or mucronulated, entire, ciliated, shining above, full of dots beneath; flowers axillary, solitary or twin, on short pedicels, tetrandrous ; calycine segments ovate, acute ; lobes of corolla oblong, twice as long as the calyx. h. G. Native of Peru, on the higher mountains ; and on Silla de Caraccas. Caballéria depéndens, Ruiz et Pav. syst. 1. p. 281. Caballéria myrtifolia, Deless. herb. ex Ruiz. et Pav. Myrsine ciliata, H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. 3. p. 248. t. 245. Leaves 4-6 lines long. Stigma capitate. Berry ovate- globose, spotted with black.

Hanging-branched Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

35 M. Poravz'wsrs (H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 249.) leaves oblong, tapering to both ends, bluntish, quite entire, revolute at the base, glabrous and shining above, but clothed with fine down or hairs beneath ; umbels or fascicles axillary, sessile; flowers on short pedicels, pentandrous; calycine lobes ovate-acute, a little ciliated ; stigma pentagonal. h.G. Native of New Granada, near Popayan, in mountainous places. Sa- mara myricoides, Roem. et Schultes, mant. 3. p. 294. ex Kunth. in Linnza. 1830. p. 367. Branches downy, clothed with rusty tomentum while young; segments of corolla marked with black lines, oblong, acute. Flowers white. Anthers yellow.

Popayan Myrsine. Tree 20 feet.

36 M. myricoipes (Schlecht. in Linnea, 8. p. 525.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, attenuated into the petioles, with revolute edges, smoothish and shining above, but paler beneath, and clothed with soft down; nerves prominent beneath, and are, as

c2

12

well as the petioles, young branches, and buds, beset with more dense rusty down; flowers aggregate on short pedicels. h.G. Native of Mexico, at Jalapa. Leaves 3-4 inches long, and 8-10 lines broad. Fruit small, globose, bluntly mucronate, seated on the 5-cleft stellate calyx, marked with lines, brownish. Calycine segments slightly ciliated. Stigma pentagonal.

AMyrica-like Myrsine. Fl. March, May. Shrub.

* * Stigma simple.

37 M. arpisroipes (H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 249.) leaves oblong, somewhat acuminated, cuneated at the base, quite entire, membranous, glabrous; corymbs axillary, sessile, few-flowered ; pedicels glabrous ; flowers pentandrous ; calycine segments roundish-ovate, obtuse, dotted with glands. h.G. Native of Peru. Branches glabrous, brown. Leaves 4-5 lines long. Fascicles 6-7-flowered. Corolla white?, with revolute, ovate, obtuse segments, which are full of glandular dots. Berries dry, depressedly globose.

Ardisia-like Myrsine. Tree small.

38 M. PENDULIFLÒRA (Moc. et Sesse, icon. fl. mex. ined. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 110.) glabrous; leaves ovate, bluntish, entire, narrowed into the petioles ; umbels axillary, pen- dulous, one-half shorter than the petioles ; flowers pentandrous ; teeth of calyx ovate, acute, small; lobes of corolla ovate, acute, 3 times as large as the calyx ; anthers lanceolate, sessile, inserted in the middle of the lobes of the corolla, and shorter than them ; style acute, inclosed ; berry globose. h.G. Native of Mexico. Leaves an inch long. Flowers either solitary, or 2-5 in a fascicle. Corolla pale red.

Pendulous-flowered Myrsine. Tree or shrub.

$9 M. Cawanie'wsis (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 663.) leaves oval- oblong, bluntish, almost sessile, large, glabrous, coriaceous, entire; flowers axillary, in fascicles, sessile ; calyx 5-6-toothed ; corolla 5-6-cleft: having the lobes linear-lanceolate ; stamens inclosed, inserted in the middle of the corolla; anthers acute; style inclosed, acuminated. h. G. Native of Teneriffe. Scleróxylon Canariénse, Willd. mag. berol. nat. freund. 3. p. 59. Manglíla Canariénsis, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 505. Branches spotted with white. Leaves 4-6 inches long, and 2-4 broad. Flowers $-8 in a fascicle. Lobes of calyx ovate, obtuse, a little ciliated. Berry globose. There are varieties of this having the leaves more or less full of pellucid dots, which are either round or oblong. Flowers whitish.

Canary Island Myrsine. Fl.? Clt. 1820. Tree 30-40 feet.

40 M. pacnysa’npra (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 297. cat. no. 2284.) branches velvety; leaves lanceolate, acuminated, entire, dotted, glabrous above, rather pilose beneath, having the lateral nerves arched ; flowers fascicled, pedicellate, hermaphro- dite, pentandrous ; calycine lobes ovate, ciliated; corolline lobes reflexed ; anthers large, triangular, connate at the time of flowering; style acuminated. h. S. Native of Penang and Singapore. This is an anomalous species: the dots on the leaves and flowers are more like those of Ardisia than Myrsine ; but the inflorescence is that of Myrsine. The alabastrum is spirally twisted, and the sestivation imbricate. Perhaps a new genus.

Thick-anthered Myrsine.

T Species unknomn, or very doubtful.

41 M. sca‘sra (Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 282.) h. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Perhaps the same as M. Africana, var. 2, retàsa.

Scabrous Myrsine. Shrub 3-6 feet.

42 M. Læra (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 112) leaves ovate, obtuse, or lanceolate-elliptic, even on both sides; flowers

fascicled, pedicellate, hardly longer than the petioles. k. S.

Tree small.

MYRSINEACEZ. VI. Myrsine.

VII. Banuta.

Native of the West Indies. Samara lz'ta, Lin. mant. 199. syst.

159. Swartz, prod. 151. Memécylon umbellàtum, Lin. fl. zeyl. no. 469. Burm. ind. 87. fl. zeyl. 76. t. 31. Branches purplish. Flowers numerous, yellow.

Joyful Myrsine. Shrub 6-10 feet.

43 M. myrtirouia (Alph. D. C. l. c.) leaves elliptic, acute ; flowers white. ^. G. Native of South America. Samara myrtifólia, Room. et Schultes, mant. 3. p. 220. This plant is entirely unknown to Kunth, see Linnea, 1830. p. 376. It is perhaps the same as M. depéndens, which is marked Caballeria myrtifolia in Deless. herb.

M yrtle-leaved Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

44 M. saríawA (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, narrowed at the base, clothed with rufous tomentum on the middle nerve beneath, as well as the petioles and branches ; flowers pentandrous. b. G. Native of South America. Samara saligna, Willd. mss. ex Roem, et Schultes, mant. 3. p. 220. This species is also unknown to Kunth. see Linnea. 1830, p. 367. Flowers sometimes tetrandrous and hexandrous. ,

Willowy Myrsine. Shrub or tree.

Cult. The species of this genus grow well in any light rich soil, or a mixture of loam, peat, and sand ; and cuttings, not too ripe, root readily if planted in a pot of sand, with a hand-glass placed over them: those of the tropical species require a little heat.

VII. BA’DULA (a name used by Burman, in his Flora Zey- lanica.) Juss. gen. 420, exclusive of the syn. Burm. zeyl. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 112. Barthésia, Comm. in herb. mus. par. Anguillària species, Lam. ill. Myrsine species, Roem. et Schultes, syst. vol. 4. p

Lin. syst. Pentándria Monogynia. Calyx 5 -lobed (f. 4. a.). Corolla 5-cleft (f. 4. b.). Stamens 5, shorter than the corolla ; anthers almost sessile, acute, free, 2-celled (f. 4. d.); cells burst- ing by a longitudinal chink. Style shorter than the stamens ; stigma thick, capitate or obscurely-lobed (f. 4. c.). Berry glo- bose.— Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, entire, dotted. In- florescence like that of Ardisia, that is, the pedicels are ap- proximate or umbellate at the extremities of the peduncles. The species are all natives of the Mauritius or Bourbon.

1 B. micra’yrua (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 112.) peduncles velvety ; leaves broad-oblong, obtuse, glabrous ; panicles terminal, pyramidal, many-flowered, longer than the leaves; flowers small, velvety; alabastra globose. b. S. Native of the Island of Bourbon and the Mauritius. Leaves 1$ to 2 inches long, dotted. Lobes of calyx small, acute; those of the corolla ovate, obtuse. Stigma obtuse.

Small-flowered Badula. Shrub or tree.

2 B. Barrue'sta (Alph. D. C. l. c. p. 113.) leaves lanceo- late, acutish, tapering a long way at the base, glabrous, thin, dotted ; peduncles racemose, many-flowered, rather shorter than the leaves ; calycine lobes obtuse, ciliated; anthers acute; stigma capitate, obscurely-lobed. ^. S. Native of the Mauri- tius. Barthésia, Comm. in herb. mus. par. Badula, Juss. gen. p. 240. Anguillaria Barthésia, Lam. ill. no. 2742. Myrsine Barthésia, Roem, et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 507. Bark of branches yellow. Leaves half a foot long, besprinkled with reddish dots. Corolla white.

Barthesia Badula. Shrub or tree.

3 B. iNsurA'ms (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) glabrous; leaves ovate, obtuse, coriaceous; peduncles shorter than the leaves; pedicels alternate ; calyx 5-parted ; alabastra ovate; stigma obtuse. 5. S. Native of the Isle of Bourbon or the Mauritius. Branchesrusty. Leaves 1-3incheslong. Lobes of calyx acute, ciliated a little.

Island Badula. Shrub or tree,

MYRSINEACEZ. VII. Bapura.

4 B. Sreze‘rm (Alph. D. C. l. c. t. 5.) leaves obovate, obtuse, petiolate, full of pellucid dots, glabrous; peduncles axil- lary, 4 times shorter than the leaves, 4-8-flowered ; alabastra obtuse; calycine lobes ovate, acute, a little ciliated ; anthers cuspidate. h.S. Native of the Mauritius. — Ardísia lati- folia, Sieb. fl. maur. 11. p. 53, but not of Roem. et Schultes. Leaves 3-4 inches long, full of pellucid dots, approximate at the tops of the branches. Peduncles velvety. ^ Corolla white, dotted; lobes obtuse. Stigma peltate, or somewhat 2-

FIG. 4.

lobed. (f.4.) Sieber's Badula. Shrub or tree.

5 B. ovarrròLIa (Alph. D. C. 1. c. p. 114.) glabrous; leaves ovate, acute at both ends, membranous, full of black dots; pe- duncles 3 times shorter than the leaves; alabastra ovoid, full of dots; anthers nearly sessile; style short, obtuse. hk. S. Na- tive of the Mauritius. Leaves 3-6 inches long. Peduncles dotted like the flowers. Calycine segments simple, acute. Lobes of corolla ovate, acute.

Oval-leaved Badula. Shrub or tree.

6- B. cra’ssa (Alph. D. C.1. c.) glabrous; branches thick ; leaves elliptic, or oblong, obtuse, coriaceous; peduncles shorter than the leaves; pedicels alternate, short. h.S. Native of the Isle of Bourbon and the Mauritius. Leaves 3-5 inches long, full of pellucid dots. Lobes of calyx obtuse. Berry globose.

Thick-branched Badula. Shrub or tree.

7 B. aneustiréria (Alph. D. C.1. c.) leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, nearly entire, dotted, glabrous; peduncles velvety, stiff, rather longer than the leaves. h.S. Native of Bourbon, in the more elevated places. Branches rusty. Leaves 12-15 lines long, shining above. sometimes irregularly toothed on one side, towards the apex. Calyx rather pilose : with acute lobes. Berry globose. Stigma obtuse.

Narron-leaved Badula. Shrub or tree.

Cult. For culture and propagation see Ardisia, p. 20.

VIII. ONCOSTE MUM (from oyxoc, onkos, a mass; and oTnpwy, stemon, a stamen; the stamens are combined into an egg-formed mass in the first species). Adr. Juss. ann. mus. 19. p. 136. t. 11. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 115.

Lin. syst. Pentándria Monogynia. Calyx and corolla 5-cleft. Stamens combined into an ovoid or cylindrical mass, which is joined to the tube of the corolla at the base : or is 5-toothed at the apex. Ovarium superior. Style simple.—Stigma funnel- shaped, nearly entire, or denticulated, &c. Shrubs, natives of Madagascar, with the habit of Ardisia and Bádula.

1 O. Commersonia‘num (Andr. Juss. l. c. t. 11.) leaves lanceo- late or oblong-obovate, and bluntly acuminated ; peduncles and pedicels quite glabrous; calyx 5-cleft; stamens conferruminated into an egg-formed mass. kh.S. Native of Madagascar.

Commerson's Oncostemum. Shrub or tree.

2 O. CAPELIERA`NUM (Juss. l. c. p. 137.) leaves lanceolate, or oblong-obovate, and bluntly acuminated ; peduncles and pedicels hairy, as well as the calyxes; calyx 5-parted; stamens combined into a 5-toothed tube. b. S. Native of Madagascar.

Capelier's Oncostemum. Shrub or tree.

Cult. See Ardisia, p. 20, for culture and propagation.

VIII. Oncostemum. IX. AnpisiA. 13

IX. ARDI’SIA (from apóic, ardis, a point, in reference to the acute, spear-pointed anthers.) Swartz, prod. p. 48. Schreb. gen. no. 1735. R. Br. prod. p. 533. Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 268. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 116. Anguillària, Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 372. t. 77. Schreb. gen. p. 823. no. 845. Bládhia, Thunb. fl. Jap. p. 7. Py'rgus, Lour. coch. p. 120.

Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-cleft (f. 5. a.) Corolla 5-cleft (f. 5. b.); lobes imbricate in estivation. Sta- mens 5, with free filaments ; anthers free, rarely combined, equal to the filaments in length, or longer, erect, triangular, acute or acuminated, 2-celled; cells dehiscing by a longitudinal chink. Ovarium globose. Style filiform, permanent, longer than the

stamens. Stigma simple, subulate, or dot-formed. Ovula 5, ex R. Br. or more. Berry globose.—Trees shrubs and sub- shrubs. Leaves alternate, rarely almost opposite, or 3 in a

whorl, dotted. Flowers more or less panicled. Panicles some- times many-flowered at the extremities of the branches, and longer than the leaves; sometimes few flowered, and in the axils of the leaves; pedicels rather umbellate at the tops of the peduncles. Flowers larger than those of Myrsine, always hermaphrodite, white or rose-coloured, and often dotted.

Sect. I. Arpis1£ ve‘r# (this section contains the legitimate species of the genus.) Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 116. Anthers free, longer than the filaments. Style subulate, longer than the stamens. Bracteas much shorter than the pedicels.

§ L. Leaves entire, glabrous. 1 A. acumina'ra (Willd. spec. 2. p. 1062) leaves oblong, acuminated, attenuated at the base; panicles terminal and axil-

lary, many-flowered ; lobes of calyx small, acute, dotted. h. S. Native of Guiana, in cultivated fields. Sims, bot. mag. t. 1678.

Icacórea Guianénsis, Aubl. guian. suppl. l. t. 368. Corolla nearly white. Acuminated-leaved Ardisia. FI. July, Aug. Clt. 1803.

Shrub 6-8 feet.

2 A.-mINIFOÜLIA (Swartz, prod. 48. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 468.) leaves elliptic, nerved ; panicle terminal; calycine segments subulate. h. S. Native of Jamaica, on the mountains.— Sloane, jam. 2. p. 98. t. 105. Leaves dark green, 4 inches long, and 2 broad. Corollas pale red, revolute.

Tinus-leaved Ardisia. Fl. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1820. Tr. 20-30 ft.

3 A. rAumrEüLIA (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 116.) leaves ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, coriaceous, glabrous; racemes simple, axillary, and terminal. h.S. Native of the Antilles. A. latifolia, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 514. Anguillària laurifólia, Lam. ill. 2. p. 109. no. 2741. Very nearly allied to A. coridcea, except in the shape of the leaves and the dis- position of the flowers.

Laurel-leaved Ardisia. Tree.

4 A. MACULA TA (Poiteau, in herb. D. C. ex Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 116.) leaves oblong, obtuse, coriaceous ; pa- nicle terminal, branched, many-flowered, pyramidal; calycine lobes oval, obtuse, large; berry spotted. kh. S. Native of Hispaniola. A. Domingénsis, Willd. herb. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 803. ? Leaves 2 to 24 inches long.

Spotted-berried Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

5 A.czsrRIFOLIA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 7. p. 212.) branches rather angular; leaves glabrous, lanceolate-oblong, acuminated, cuneated at the base, quite entire, dotless; panicles axillary and terminal, sessile, crowded, glabrous; flowers pedi- cellate, racemose, 4-5-androus. h. S. Native of the Andes, about Quindiu. Calycine segments ovate, bluntish. Segments of the corolla oblong, acute.

Cestrum-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

6 A. CaroLLiA (Moc. et Sesse, icon. mex. ined. ex Alph,

14 MYRSINEACEE.

D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 116.) leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, shining; panicle terminal, compound, longer than the leaves: peduncles alternate; pedicels umbellate; lobes of co- rolla ovate, acute, reflexed, 4 times as long as the calyx. h.S. Native of Mexico, where it is called Capollin. Bracteas cadu- cous. Berry globose, wine-coloured. Flowers of a pale rose- colour.

Capollin Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

7 A. Revotu'ra (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 246.) glabrous; leaves rather membranous, oblong, obtuse, cuneated at the base and revolute; panicles terminal, simple; pedicels fasciculate or umbellate ; lobes of calyx obtuse, full of glandular dots; berry nearly globose. k. S. Native of Mexico, on the western declivities of the mountains near La Venta de Moxonera, in oak woods; and in woods near Jalapa. Leaves same colour on both surfaces, full of glandular dots, 41 inches long. Flowers white. Berries dry, about the size of a pepper- corn, wrinkled, glandular.

Hevolute-leaved Ardisia. "Tree 30 to 40 feet.

8 A. comere’ssa (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 245.) glabrous; branches compressed ; leaves obovate-oblong, short- acuminated, nearly quite entire; panicles terminal, sub-race- mose; pedicels in umbellate fascicles; lobes of calyx roundish- ovate, obtuse; lobes of corolla oblong, obtuse, revolute, glandular. h. S. Native of New Andalusia, in temperate places, near the monastery of Caripe. Branches pendulous. Leaves membranous, full of pellucid dots, palest beneath, 5-6 inches long. Corolla white. Berry dry, smooth.

Compressed-branched Ardisia. ‘Tree 15 feet.

9 A. punrFOLiA (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 7. p. 214.) branches terete, glabrous; leaves obovate-oblong, obtuse, and somewhat retuse, running into the petioles at the base, revolute on the edges, quite entire, beset with scaly dots beneath, as well as the panicles; flowers racemose. kh. S. Native on the Andes, about Quindiu. Flowers white. Calyx calyptrate be- fore expansion, divided into 2-4 unequal segments. Corolla pentapetalous ; petals oblong, revolute, valvate in æstivation.

Hard-leaved Ardisia. Tree 20 feet.

10 A. micra’ntTHA (H. B. et Kunth, 1. c. 3. p. 246.) glabrous ; leaves oblong, acute; panicles terminal and lateral, simple, crowded : with short branches; pedicels in umbellate fascicles; lobes of calyx and corolla elliptic, obtuse. h. S. Native of South America, on the banks of the river Magdalena, near Te- neriffe. | Bumélia micrantha, Willd. mss. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 805. Branches brown, beset with linear purple dots. Leaves and flowers full of glandular dots, 5-6 inches long. Co- rolla small, white. Stigma truncate.

Smali-flowered Ardisia. Tree.

11 A. Orrnoce’nsts (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. p. 244.) leaves oblong, acute; panicles terminal and lateral, almost simple; pedi- cels in umbellate fascicles ; lobes of calyx ovate, obtuse, with diaphanous margins; lobes of corolla ovate-roundish, obtuse, reflexed. h. S. Native on the banks of the river Orinoco, between the falls of Ature and the town of St. Borja. Branches brownish. Leaves rather membranous, paler beneath, 14 inch long. Corolla white, full of glandular dots. Very like 4. coriacea.

Orinoco Ardisia. Fl. May. Tree.

12 A. propinqua (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 7. p. 213.) branches nearly terete, warted ; petioles and leaves glabrous ; leaves elliptic-oblong, acute at both ends, quite entire, membra- nous, full of glandular dots ; racemes terminal, solitary, always simple, glabrous ; fruit pedicellate. h. S. Native of South America, near the banks of the Orinoco.

Allied Ardisia. Shrub. j

13 A. FERRUGÍNEA (H. B. et Kunth, 1l. c. 8. p. 244.) branches,

IX. Arpisia.

petioles, and panicles clothed with rusty tomentum; leaves oblong, acuminated, glabrous and shining above, and clothed with fuscescent down beneath ; panicles terminal, almost simple; pedicels in umbellate fascicles ; lobes of calyx ovate, acute. h. S. Native along with the preceding. Leaves narrowed at the base, membranous, full of glandular dots, 43 inches long. Berry glabrous. Habit of A. crendta.

Rusty Ardisia. Shrub.

14 A. ruyrsirtora (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 148.) leaves lanceolate; panicles thyrsoid, terminal; segments of corolla roundish-ovate, acute ; anthers almost sessile. h. S. Native of Nipaul.

Thyrse.flowered Ardisia Clt. 1824. Shrub.

15 A. PURPUREA (Blum. bijdr. p. 684.) leaves oblong, acu- minated at both ends, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous ; panicle terminal, pyramidal ; pedicels subumbellate ; calycine segments rounded. h. S. Native of Java and Nusæ-Kambanga, in mountain woods, where it is called Kilampani.

Purple Ardisia. Fl. year. Shrub.

16 A. mucrona‘ra (Blum. bijdr. p. 685.) leaves oblong, acu- minated at both ends, mucronately awned at the apex, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous; panicle terminal, short; pedicels umbellate; calycine segments rounded. h. S. Native of Java, in the province of Krawang, near Tjiradjas, in mountain woods.

Mucronate-leaved Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

17 A. sANGUINOLE'NTA (Blume, l. c. but not of Wall.) leaves oblong, acuminated, acute at the base, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous; panicle terminal, divaricate; pedicels umbellate; ca- lycine teeth acute. h. S. Native of Java, in shady places on the Parang mountains. Nearly allied to 4. speciósa, Bl. but the flowers are much smaller.

Bloody-flowered Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

18 A. Rorun (Alph. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 117.) leaves ob- long, obtuse, attenuated at both ends, glabrous, quite entire; raceme terminal, pyramidal; peduncles alternate, compressed, umbelliferous ; stem arboreous. h. S. Native of the East Indies. A. pyramidàlis, Roth. nov. spec. p. 123. exclusive of the syn. of Cav. This species differs from A. pyramidalis, Cav. in the leaves being quite entire.

Roth’s Ardisia. Shrub 5 feet.

19 A. Py'reus (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 518. ex R. Br. prod. 533.) leaves ovate-lanceolate, quite entire, glabrous, on short petioles; racemes ovate-oblong, terminal; segments of corolla lanceolate. Y. G. Native of Cochin-china. Pyrgus racemósa, Lour. coch. p. 121. A shrub with spreading branches. Flowers reddish-white.

Tower Ardisia. Shrub 5 feet.

20 A. LaANcEOLA' TA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 275. Wall. cat. no. 2292.) glabrous ; leaves broad-lanceolate, shining ; panicles ter- minal and axillary, composed of a few simple racemes ; segments of calyx ovate; lobes of corolla ovate, pointed. h. S. Na- tive of Pulo Penang. Leaves 6-9 inches long and 2-3 broad. Style length of stamens.

Lanceolate-leaved Ardisia. Fl. July. Clt. 1820. Shrub.

21 A. raNiIcULA TA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 270.) glabrous; leaves cuneate-oblong, almost sessile, reflexed ; panicles ter- minal, oval, composed of many alternate compound branches ; segments of calyx and corolla ovate. h.S. Native of Chit- tagong and Silhet, where it makes a conspieuous appearance, on account of its large reflexed leaves, and very ample elegant panicles of innumerable rose-coloured flowers. Ker. bot. reg. 638. Sims, bot. mag. 2364. Young shoots thick, green. Leaves from 6-20 inches long, and from 3-5 inches broad, crowded at theends ofthe branches. Berries red, smooth, size of a pea, juicy.

Panicled-flowered Ardisia. Fl, year. Clt. 1818. Shrub 8 to 10 feet.

12

MYRSINEACEZ.

22 A. anceps (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 280.) glabrous ; branches climbing, 2-edged ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumin- ated; panicles terminal: with flattened, nearly smooth ramifica- tions ; segments of calyx lanceolate, acute, of the corolla ovate, acute. b. S. Native of Silhet. Branches pale grey. Leaves 5-10 inches long, coriaceous. Pedicels subumbellate. Flowers small, pink, dotted.

Two-edged-branched Ardisia. Shrub cl.

23 A. couPLANA' TA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 280. cat. no. 2277.) branches terete; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumin- ated glabrous ; panicles axillary and terminal : with villous, diva- ricate, flexuous ramifications ; lobes of calyx triangular, acute, ciliated, dotted. h. S. Native of Penang and about Chap- pedong. A. polycárpa, Wall. cat. no. 2285. A rambling sub- scandent shrub. Branches rather tomentose and rusty while young. Leaves coriaceous, 6-8 inches long. Pedicels in um- bellate fascicles. Flowers small, pink. Berries dark purple. Very like A. ánceps, but is readily distinguished by its terete branches.

Flattened-peduncled Ardisia. Clt. 1824. Shrub cl.

24 A. sca'NDENs (Blum. bijdr. p. 686.) leaves oval, rounded atthe apex, acute at the base, quite entire, glabrous; panicles terminal, drooping ; pedicels racemose; calycine teeth acute; stem climbing. h. S. Native of Java, in mountain woods, where it is called Ojot Katjambang and Kibaralalakkie.

Climbing Ardisia. Shrub cl.

25 A. Buu'mu (Alph. in D. C. Lin. trans. 17. p. 117.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, subrepand, glabrous, finely dotted beneath; panicles axillary and terminal, short; pedicels subumbellate; calycine teeth roundish ; branch- lets 2-edged. 5. S. Nativeof the island of Nuse Kambanga, where it is called Sikattan. A. anceps, Blum. bijdr. p. 685. but not of Wall.

Blume’s Ardisia. Shrub cl.

26 A. FLORIBUNDA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 272. cat. no. 2263.) young shoots and tender leaves covered on both sides with dense, scaly, purple, loose tomentum; leaves crowded towards the tops of the branches, oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, very obscurely crenulated, coriaceous, shining above and glaucous beneath; panicles terminal, oval; pedicels umbellate; calyx dotted : with ovate, acute lobes ; segments of corolla ovate, acute. h.G. Native of Nipaul, on Sheopore, and of Noakote. Leaves 5-6 inches long. Flowers small, red.

Bundle-flowered Ardisia. Shrub 10 feet.

27 A. missiOn1s (Wall. cat. no. 6524. Alph. D.C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 117.) glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate ; panicle terminal, loose, length of leaves ; lobes of calyx ovate, acute. h. S. Native ofthe East Indies. Leaves crowded at the ex- tremity of the branches, 4-5 inches long. Peduncles axillary, remotish, 3-6-flowered. Lobes of corolla lanceolate, acumin- ated.

Mission Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

28 A. uu‘mitis (Vahl. symb. p. 40. Blum. bijdr. p. 687.) glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, glabrous, veined, shining ; umbels simple, axillary, pedunculate ; flowers drooping ; segments of calyx short and rounded, cilia- ted; lobes of corolla lanceolate, first recurved, then revolute. h.S. Native of Coromandel, Nipaul, Bengal, Martaban, Cey- lon, Sumatra, Java, Penang, &c. A. solonàcea, Roxb. cor. 1. p. 22. t. 27. Sims, bot. mag. 1677. Wall. cat. 2283. A. littoràlis, Andr. bot. rep. 630. A. dòma, Wall. cat. no. 2283. A. olerácea, Wall. cat. 2283. G. A. umbellàta, Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 273. Lodd: bot. cab. 531. Wall. cat. no. 2283. A. nàna, Wall. cat. no. 2283. L. Leaves deep green, 3-4 inches long and about 2 broad. Peduncles solitary, bearing each a sim- ple racemose umbel of many pretty, large, drooping, rose-coloured

15

flowers. Anthers united by their heads into a cone. Berry size of a pea, shining, black, juicy. Blume says the racemes are compound and divaricate, composed of umbels of flowers.

Var. B; leaves more acute, membranous, with rather pro- minent nerves ; peduncles and pedicels elongated, few-flowered. h.S. Native of the mountains of Silhet. A.solonacea, Wall. cat. 2283. A. K.

Var. y ; flowers large; bracteas more ample. 5. S. Native of the Nelligherry mountains. A. grandiflóra, Wall. cat. no. 2372.

Var. 6; leaves larger, shining on both surfaces. h.S. A. Wightiàna, Wall. cat. no. 2330.

Humble Ardisia. Fl. Ju. Sept. Clt. 1798. Shrub 4 to 8 ft.

29 A.rvmrpA (Blum. bijdr, p. 687.) leaves oblong-lanceo- late, acuminated at both ends, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous; panicles umbellately racemose, axillary; calycine segments rounded. h. S. Native of Java, on the western mountains, and near Tjiradjas.

Lurid Ardisia. Fl. year. Shrub.

30 A. xEnrrFOLIA (Wall. cat. no. 2278. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. l7. p. 118. t. 8.) leaves oblong, acuminated, on long petioles, with the nerves rather distinct; panicles loose, ter- minal, and lateral, shorter than the leaves; peduncles and pedi- cels rather velvety; calycine segments small, acute, ciliated ; lobes of corolla ovate, acuminated; style exserted ; anthers cuspidate, almost sessile. h.S. Native of Silhet. Peduncles sometimes elongated and cirrhose.

Var. B, montana (Alph. D. C. l.c.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminated ; pedicels shorter; calycine segments broader ; alabastra small, acuminated. h.S. A.neriifolia? 6. Wall. cat. no. 2278.

Nerium-leaved Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

31 A. Escattonioipes (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 6. p. 393.) glabrous; leaves cuneated-obovate, quite entire, paler beneath, ending in a blunt acumen; panicle terminal, formed from dense-flowered erect racemes, pyramidal; calycine seg- ments elliptic, obtuse. h.G. Native of Mexico, in woods at Papantla. Leaves 4 inches long, with the petioles. Flowers white. Berries black.

Escallonia-like Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

32 A. pive’RcENS (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 275. Wall. cat. no. 2269.) glabrous; branches diverging; leaves ovate-lanceolate, attenuated at both ends, almost sessile; peduncles rather vel- vety, bearing a few small, alternate umbellets or corymbs. h .S. Native of the Moluccas and Penang. A. punctàta, Jack, ined. ex Roxb. fl. ind. l.c. Leaves 4-5 inches long. Corymbs ter- minal, paniculate.

Diverging-branched Ardisia. Shrub.

33 A. roLvcE PHALA (Wall. cat. no. 2293.) glabrous; leaves oblong, acute, ample, unequally revolute on the margins beneath ; peduncles numerous at the tops of the branches, compressed, one half shorter than the leaves; flowers densely racemose ; calycine lobes obtuse; alabastra acute; style inclosed. h. S. Native of the East Indies, on the banks of the river Atran. Leaves 5-7 inches long, 13 and 21 inches broad, coriaceous. Pedicels incurved, approximate at the tops of the peduncles. Lobes of corolla acuminated. Berry black, striated.

Many-headed Ardisia. Shrub.

34 A. TUBERCULA TTA (Wall. cat. no. 2274.) leaves ovate- acuminated, coriaceous, dotted everywhere; racemes axillary and terminal, many-flowered, shorter than the leaves ; peduncles rather compressed, glabrous; calycine segments ovate-acute, a little ciliated. h. S. Native of Singapore. Branches angu- larly compressed at the apex. Leaves 2-4 inches long, nar- rowed at the base, full of resinous dots. Pedicels umbellulate. Flowers small.

Tubercled Ardisia,

IX. Arpisia.

Shrub or tree.

16

35 A. ATTENUA TA (Wall. cat. no. 2286.) glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, much dotted on the edges; peduncles axillary, elongated ; flowers racemose ; pedi- cels and peduncles glabrous; calycine lobes ovate, acute, a little ciliated. h. S. Native of the Burman empire, about Tavoy. Leaves 5-8 inches long. Pedicels thickened a little at the apex. Berry smoothish.

Attenuated-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

36 A. ELL'PTICA (Thunb. nov. gen. pt. 8. ups. 1795. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 517.) glabrous ; branches angular ; leaves elliptic; panicles lateral. h. S. Native of Ceylon. Leaves a hand long. Stem terete.

Elliptic-leaved Ardisia. Tree.

37 A. oxvPHY'LLA (Wall. cat. no. 2291.) glabrous; leaves elliptic, acute at both ends, much dotted on the margins ; pe- duncles terminal and axillary, shorter than the leaves; pedicels loosely umbellate; calycine segments ovate, a little ciliated ; lobes of corolla lanceolate ; style inclosed. h.S. Native of Penang. Leaves 4-5 inches long, stiff, shining. Inflorescence like that of Æ. hàmilis, but the flowers are smaller and less numerous.

Sharp-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

38 A. EUGENLEFOLIA (Wall. cat. no. 2276.) leaves oblong- lanceolate, acute at the base, and acuminated at the apex : having the nerves thick, and arched near the margin ; peduncles axil- Jary, short, panicled, many-flowered, much shorter than the leaves; pedicels and calyx velvety; segments of calyx and corolla ovate-acute; style exserted. 5. S. Native of Silhet, on the mountains. Leaves 3-6 inches long, dotted.

Eugenia-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

39 A. arsore'scens (Wall. cat. no. 2289.) glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, coriaceous; peduncles axillary, elon- gated, stiff; panicles loose, shorter than the leaves ; pedicels long; calycine lobes ovate, acute. h.S. Native of the Bur- man empire, on Mount Taong Dong. Leaves 5-7 inches long. Peduncles often compressed.

"Arborescent Ardisia. Tree.

40 A. Amuerstia‘na (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 120.) leaves oblong, acute ; peduncles terminal, and are, as well as the pedicels downy ; flowers umbellate; calycine segments ovate, obtuse, ciliated, velvety on the back; lobes of corolla ovate, acute; style inclosed. h.S. Native of the province of Mar- taban, near the town of Amherst. A. refléxa, Wall. cat. no. 2282. part. Branches silky at top and fulvous. Leaves 6-8 incheslong. Flowers numerous.

Lady Amherst's Ardisia. Shrub.

41 A. rAucirLORA (Heyne, herb. Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 279. Wall. cat. no. 2270.) glabrous; leaves lanceolate or oblong- lanceolate, acuminated ; petioles short; peduncles lateral and axillary, 2-3-flowered. h. 8. Native of the East Indies, at Wynaad? Young branches clothed with rusty dense scaly tomentum. Leaves 4-5 inches long, tapering into a bluntish sometimes retuse acumen. Flowers small.

Few-flowered Ardisia. Shrub.

42 A. TENUIFIÒRA (Blum. bijdr. p. 686.) leaves oblong-lan- ceolate, bluntish, quite entire, glabrous; panicles divaricate, axillary, and terminal; pedicels racemose; calycine teeth acute ; stem scandent; flowers very minute. h. ,,. S. Native of Java, in the provinces of Buitenzorg and Bamtam, in woods, where it is called Kitjambang.

Var. D; leaves rounded at the base. foot of Mount Salak.

Fine-flowered Ardisia. Fl. year. Shrub cl.

43 A. nutans (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 121.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, lined transversely, quite entire, glabrous, dotted beneath, clothed with fuscous tomentum

h.S. Native at the

MYRSINEACEZE.

IX. Aropisra.

while young, as well as the branchlets; umbels simple, axillary, and terminal, nutant ; segments of calyx acute. k. S. Native of the island of Nusæ Kambanga, in shady places on the banks of rivulets. A. punctàta, Blum. l. c. p. 687. but not of Lindl.

Drooping-flowered Ardisia. Shrub.

44 A. wARGINA TA (Blum. bijdr. p. 688.) leaves lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, quite entire, glabrous, finely dotted beneath, with parallel transverse stripes, and girded on the margin by the approximation of veins and stripes ; umbels sub- corymbose, axillary; calycine teeth acute. h. S. Native of Java, on Mount Burangrang, in the higher woods.

Marginate-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

45 A. LEvicA'TA (Blum. bijdr. p. 690.) leaves oblong, acu- minated at both ends, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous; ra- cemes axillary and lateral, simple ; calycine segments acumin- ated. h.S. Native of Java, on the top of Mount Gede.

Smocth Ardisia. Shrub.

46 A. opova'ra (Blum. bijdr. p. 688.) leaves obovate, rounded or obtuse at the top, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous, marked with fine parallel stripes ; flowers subumbellately racemose, ax- illary ; calycine segments rounded. h.S. Native of the island of Nusze Kambanga, on the sea shore, where it is called Lam- panee.

Obovate-leaved Ardisia. Fl. Sept. Oct. Shrub.

47 A. cymòsa (Blum. bijdr. p. 689.) leaves oblong, bluntish, attenuated at the base, quite entire, transversely striated; pe- tioles, branchlets, and peduncles beset with rusty, leprous- like dots; cymes compound, axillary, and terminal, pedunculate; pedicels umbellate; teeth of calyx acute. h. S. Native of Java, in the province of Bamtam, among bushes.

Cymose-flowered Ardisia. Fl. Aug. Shrub.

48 A. osróxcA (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 121.) leaves oblong, acuminated, dotted; peduncles nearly terminal, much shorter than the leaves; pedicels umbellate, few-flowered, and are, as well as the peduncles, glabrous; calycine lobes ovate, obtuse, a little ciliated. b. S. Native about Tavoy. A. attenuata, Wall. cat. no. 2286. part. see no. $5. Leaves 4-5 inches long. Pedicels often reflexed. Berry smoothish.

Oblong-leaved Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

49 A. oxya’nTHA (Wall. cat. no. 2275. Alph. D. C. l. c.) leaves lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, thin; flowers few, axillary; peduncles 1-flowered, filiform, about equal in length to the petioles; calycine segments lanceolate, a little ciliated ; lobes of corolla elongated, long-acuminated. h.S. Native of Silhet on the mountains. Leaves 3-4 inches long. Pedicels rather velvety. This is an anomalous species.

Sharp-flowered Ardisia. Shrub.

§ 2. Leaves entire, pilose.

50 A. rErLe xa (Wall. cat. no. 2282. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 122.) leaves oblong, acute, glabrous above and downy beneath; peduncles nearly terminal, reflexed, much shorter than the leaves, downy; pedicels umbellate, densely pilose, as well as the calyxes; calycine segments ovate, acute. h.S. Native of the province of Martaban. Branches brown and hispid at the top. Leaves 4-7 inches long ; petioles hispid.

Reflexed-peduncled Ardisia. Shrub.

51 A. cranpirénia (Alph. D. C. J. c.) leaves oblong, ample, cuspidately acute, glabrous above and pilose beneath ; branches and petioles hispid ; peduncles nearly terminal, puberulous, stiff, much shorter than the leaves ; pedicels umbellate ; calycine seg- ments lanceolate, acute, a little ciliated. h.S. Native about Tavoy, in the Burman empire. A. macrophylla, Wall. cat. no. 2290, but notof Blum. Leaves 5-9 inches long, and 3-4 broad, having the central nerve hispid beneath, and the lateral ones

MYRSINEACE.

pilose. Hairs on the branchlets and leaves silky and purplish. Berries ovoid, glabrous.

Great-leaved Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

52 A.macropny’tLa (Reinwdt. ex Blum. bijdr. p. 691. but not of Wall.) leaves rather large, oblong, acuminated, obtuse at the base, quite entire, coriaceous, tomentose beneath, as well as the umbels, which are subcorymbose and axillary. b. S. Na- tive of Java, in the western provinces, on the mountains, where it is called Lampanie-Badak.

Long-leaved Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

§ 3.

53 A. serra‘ta (Pers. ench. 1. p. 233.) glabrous; leaves lanceolate, serrated ; racemes terminal, compound. h.S. Na- tive of South America, near Santa Cruz. A. Cavanillesiana, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 515. Anguillària serrata, Cav. icon. 6. p. 2. t. 503. Leaves 6 inches long. Panicle pyramidal. Segments of corolla ovate-lanceolate.

Serrated-leaved Ardisia. Tree 15 to 20 feet.

54 A. pyramipa‘us (Pers. l. c. but not of Roth.) glabrous ; leaves lanceolate-ovate ; racemes termina], composed of umbel- bearing compressed peduncles; segments of calyx ovate, acute, ciliated ; corolline lobes lanceolate. ^. S. Native near Santa Cruz. Anguillaria pyramidalis, Cav. icon. 6. p. 1. t. 502. Leaves nearly sessile, a little toothed, tapering into the petioles, 6 inches long. Panicles ample, pyramidal. Calyxes rufescent. Corolla red. Drupe coriaceous.

Pyramidal Ardisia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1818. 25 feet.

55 A. sprciosa (Blum. bijdr. p. 684.) leaves oblong, acu- minated, rather attenuated at the base, obsoletely denticulated, coriaceous, glabrous; panicles terminal, divaricate; pedicels subumbellate ; calycine segments rounded. k. S. Native of Java, in mountain woods, where it is called Kissamplak. Allied to A. divaricàta.

Showy Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

56 A. sERRULA TA (Swartz, prod. p. 48. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 471.) glabrous; leaves lanceolate, acuminated, wrinkled, serrulated, beset with rusty dots beneath; panicles terminal ; pedicels um- bellate ; segments of the corolla ciliated. h.S. Native of His- paniola, on the banks of rivers. Plum. icon. t. 80. Branches downy. Pedicels and calyxes coloured. ^ Corollas deep red. Berries blood red.

Var. B, chrysophijlla (Reem, et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 515.) panicle terminal; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, golden yellow beneath. h. S. Native of St. Domingo. Anguillaria chrysophylla, Lam. ill. 2. p. 109. no. 2743. Flowers violaceous. Berries red.

Serrulated-leaved Ardisia. Sh. 2 to 3 feet.

57 A. ruLIiGINOsA (Blum. bijdr. p. 692.) leaves oblong-acu- minated, cuneated at the base, obsoletely denticulated at the apex, glabrous in the adult state, but clothed with rusty tomen- tum while young, as well as the branchlets ; umbels subracemose,

Leaves glabrous, crenated, toothed or serrated.

Tree 20 to

Fl.July, Aug. Clt. 1820.

axillary; calycine teeth acute. b. S. Native of Java, in mountain woods. Allied to 4. solandcea. Fuliginous Ardisia. Fl. year. Shrub.

58 A. cLABRA TA (Blum. l. c.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, acu- minated at both ends, with rather crenulated subglandular mar- gins, smooth on both surfaces; umbels corymbose, terminal ; calycine segments semi-lanceolate, obtuse, about equal to the corolla in length. h. S. Native of Java, in the province of Bantam, where it is called Lampanie. Allied to the preceding.

Smooth Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

59 A. MAcROCA'RPA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 277.) gla-

VOL, IV.

IX. AnnisiA. P7 brous; leaves oblong, acute, tapering downwards, glandularly crenated, dotted; racemes terminal, corymb-formed, almost sessile; segments of corolla ovate, obtuse ; berries large. hk. S. Native of Nipaul, on most of the hills about the great valley. Branches greenish. Leaves approximate, coriaceous, 6-8 inches long, paler beneath, veinless. Racemes slightly pubescent. Flowers flesh-coloured, dotted. Pedicels clavate. Berry vermillion-coloured, as large as a gooseberry. This is a beautiful shrub.

Large-fruited Ardisia, Clt. 1824. Shrub 5 to 6 feet.

60 A. wEMBRANA'CEA (Wall. cat. no. 2288.) glabrous; leaves approximate, oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, tapering a long way at the base, irregularly crenulated, membranous ; peduncles axillary, 4 times shorter than the leaves ; pedicels short, approx- imate ; alabastra obtuse ; calycine segments ovate, acute, about equal in length to the lobes of the corolla; style inclosed. h.S. Native of Silhet, on the mountains. Branches thick, filled with medulla. Leaves 4-5 inches long, dotted. Pedun- cles often reflexed. Flowers small, in loose fascicles.

Membranous-leaved Ardisia. Shrub 2 to 3 feet.

61 A. Warríeun (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 123.) leaves obovate, acute, or obtuse, narrowed into the marginate petioles, repandly crenulated ; peduncles axillary, one half shorter than the leaves, and are, as well as the pedicels pilose; flowers in loose racemes; calycine segments ovate, acute, a little ciliated ; lobes of corolla ovate, acuminated ; anthers nearly sessile, blunt- ish; style inclosed. |^. S. Native of the Burman empire, on the banks of the Irawaddy and the Atran. A. sanguinolénta, Wall. cat. no. 2287. but not of Blum. A humble shrub: with thick, hardly woody branches. Young branches and leaves full of blood-coloured juice. Leaves 4-5 inches long, and 2 broad, thickish.

Wallich’s Ardisia. Shrub dwarf.

62 A. Japonica (Blum. bijdr. p. 690. Hornstedt, diss. nov. pl. gen. pt. 1. p. 6-7. with a figure. Thunb. fl. jap. p. 95. t. 18. under Blddhia) glabrous ; leaves nearly opposite, or 3-5 in a whorl, on short petioles, cuneate-oblong, acute, glabrous, ser- rated; pedicels subumbellate, secund, drooping ; calyx 5-toothed ; racemes simple, axillary. kh. G. Native of Japan, on the mountains among bushes. Sankits vulgo Jamma Tadsi banna, Kempf. amoen. 5. p. 775. Root creeping. Leaves a hand long. Pedicels red. Corollas white.

Japan Ardisia. Shrub 1 foot.

63 A. crA'BRA (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 123.) gla- brous; leaves nearly opposite, serrated, ovate-acuminated. h.G. Native of Japan. Bladhia glabra, Thunb. fl. jap. p. 350. Lin. trans. 2. p. 331. Stem frutescent, articulated, simple. Leaves approximate at the top of the stem, 14 inch long. Berries red, size of small peas.

Glabrous Ardisia. Shrub 1 foot.

64 A. ru'uirA (Blum. bijdr. p. 688.) stem suffruticose, pro- cumbent at base, rooting; leaves lanceolate-elliptic, acute, nar- rowed into the petioles at the base, obsoletely crenulated, marked with transverse stripes, glabrous; flowers subumbellately race- mose ; calyx 5-toothed ; segments of corolla crenulate. h. S. Native of Java, in shady places on Mount Salak,

Dwarf Ardisia. Shrub 1 foot.

65 A. crispa (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) glabrous; leaves oblong- lanceolate, attenuated at both ends, with repandly crenulated glandular edges; cymes terminal, usually solitary, often com- pound; pedicels smooth, finely veined, umbellate, drooping ; segments of calyx and corolla obtuse. h. G. Native of Pe- nang, Singapore, Japan, and China. Bladhia crispa, Thunb, fl. jap. p. 97. Banks, icon. Kempf. t. 7. Ardísia élegans, Andr. bot. ps t. 263. A. crenàta Roxb. fl, ind. 2. p. 276. Wall,

18

cat. no. 2262. A. glandulosa, Blum. bijdr. 690. but not of Roxb. Leaves bluntish. Ra- cemes generally solitary, from the extremities of the corymbi- form lateral branchlets. Flowers small, drooping, red. Berries red, size of peas. (fig. 5.)

Var. B; corolla white, dotted with red. 5. S. A. crenata, Sims, bot. mag. t. 1950. A. lentigindsa, Ker. bot. reg. t. 553.

Var. y; corolla white. h. S. A. crenulàta, Lodd. bot. cab. t2.

Curled-leaved Ardisia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1809. Shrub 4 to 8 feet.

66 A. penracona (Alph. D. C. l. c.) leaves lanceolate, acu- minated at both ends, obsoletely crenulated, glabrous ; umbels simple, lateral; calycine teeth acute; fruit depressedly penta- gonal. h. G. Native of China. A. quinquegóna, Blum. bijdr. 689.

Five-angled Ardisia. Fl. year. Shrub.

67 A. uwcrA TA (Lindl. bot. reg. t. 827.) glabrous; leaves lanceolate, coriaceous, repandly crenated, tapering to the base ; peduncles umbellate, terminal, and axillary ; umbels involu- crated by deciduous bracteas; segments of corolla 4-5, obovate, obtuse; flowers subcampanulate, secund. h.G. Native of China. Flowers greyish white, beset with dark dots: and the pedicels with dark lines.

Dotted Ardisia. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1822. feet.

FIG. 5.

Shrub 6 to 10

$4. Leaves pilose, crenated, toothed, or serrated.

68 A. cnENULA' TA (Vent. choix. t. 5.) leaves lanceolate- ovate, tapering at both ends, repandly crenulated, pilose ; pani- cles terminal; pedicels umbellate. hQ. G. Native of Porto Rico, Mexico between Tampico and Real del Monte, Antilles, &c. A. laterifldra, Swartz, prod. p. 48. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 473.? Anguillària lateriflóra, Poir. dict. suppl. 7. p. 687.? Ang. crenu- làta, Poir. diet. 7. p. 689. Flowers of a reddish violet colour. Berries black, size of currants. There are varieties of this with more or less repand and hairy leaves.

Var. (3; leaves coriaceous, without pellucid dots, very pilose beneath.

Crenulated-leaved Ardisia. Sh. 3 to 6 feet. ; ;

69 A. Cusa'xA (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 124.) leaves ovate-oblong, bluntish, undulated, glabrous above, rather pilose beneath; panicles terminal, branched, about equal with the leaves; peduncles rusty; calycine segments acute; lobes of corolla linear-lanceolate, spreading, velvety. b. S. Native of Cuba. Extreme branches and peduncles velvety. Leaves 2-3 inches long, obtuse or acutish ; hairs stellate. Flowers like those of A. crenuldta, from which species it hardly differs, unless in the smaller, obtuse, less repand leaves.

Cuba Ardisia. Shrub.

70 A. wELANoOsTÍcTA (Schlecht. in Linnza, 8. p. 526.) leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptie, tapering into the petioles at the base, short-acuminated at the apex, glabrous above, but beset with rusty down and black dots beneath, with erosely crenulated membranous edges; umbels crowded into axillary racemes, which are shorter than the leaves; corolla downy inside, at

Fl. June, Sept. Cit. 1809.

MYRSINEACEZ.

IX. Arpisra.

length revolute, with a short tube and narrow segments. h.G. Native of Mexico, in woods, between San Salvador and Jalapa. Flowers white. Anthers cordate at the base.

Black-dotted Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

71 A. Ica‘ra (Wall. cat. no. 2264. Alph. D. C. l.c. t. 7. p. 125.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at the base, acute at the apex, denticulated, rather pilose above, but glabrous and paler beneath; panicles branched, nearly terminal, about equal to the leaves; peduncles umbellate; pedicels and flowers vel- vety ; calycine segments subulate ; lobes of corolla ovate, acute. h.S. Native of Bengal, about Bhatgong and Mateabo. Leaves 6 inches long. Hairs simple. Umbellets surrounded by whorls of bracteoles.

Icara Ardisia. Shrub.

72 A. onowTOPHY'LLA (Wall. cat. no. 2279. Alph. D. C. l. c. t. 6.) leaves lanceolate-oblong, acute at both ends, on long petioles, sharply toothed, puberulous ; racemes axillary, much shorter than the leaves; pedicels short, alternate, and are, as well as the peduncles, velvety ; calycine lobes ovate, acute, cili- ated and downy; corolla deeply parted : with ovate, acute lobes. b.S. Native of Bengal, towards Silhet, and about Gualpara. A. pavonina, Hamilt. herb. Branches ascending, filled with medulla. Leaves 4-6 inches long.

Toothed-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

73 A. wóLLIs (Blum. bijdr. p. 689.) leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, crenulated, dotted, rather villous be- neath; umbels axillary and terminal, simple ; calycine segments semi-lanceolate, acute, about equal in length to the corolla. hk. S. Native of Java, in the province of Bamtam, on the mountains. Allied to 4. glandulosa.

Soft Ardisia.. Fl. Feb. Shrub.

74 A. Tavoya‘na (Alph. D. C. l. c.) extremities of branches downy; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, glabrous above, pilose and much dotted beneath, rather crenu- lated, thin; peduncles lateral, simple, velvety, rather shorter than the leaves ; pedicels umbellate; calycine segments linear- lanceolate, acuminated, pilose outside. h. S. Native about Tavoy, in the Burman empire. A. villosa, Wall. cat. no. 2280. B. It differs from A. villósa, Roxb. in the leaves being larger and pilose beneath, &c. Berries pilose.

Tavoy Ardisia. Shrub.

75 A. vittosa (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 274.) branchlets villous; leaves lanceolate, acuminated, villous beneath, crenulated ; um- bels axillary and terminal, very villous ; calycine segments linear- lanceolate. h.S. Native of Penang and Singapore. Leaves 5-7 inches long, tapering to the base, copiously dotted. Berries villous. Hairs simple, jointed. All the upper parts of the plant are densely beset with hairs. Umbellets terminal, com- pound.

Villous Ardisia. Fl. Oct. Shrub.

76 A. pusitta (Alph. D. C.1. c. p. 126.) stem filiform, to- mentose; leaves opposite, ovate, acute, serrated, villous; pe- duncles few-flowered, tomentose; flowers lateral. bh. G. Native of Japan. Bladhia villosa, Thunb. fl. jap. p. 96. t. 19.

Least Ardisia. Shrub 1 foot.

77 A. vestira (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 274. cat. no. 2281.) branches densely villous and hairy; leaves lanceolate, acuminated, remotely and bluntly crenated, tapering at the base, minutely and copiously dotted: and clothed with abundance of long, soft, jointed hairs: umbels axillary and terminal, villous ; segments of calyx linear-lanceolate, acute; berries villous. h. S. Native of Singapore. Leaves 5-7 inches long. All the upper parts of the shrub are exceedingly thickly clothed with soft hairs.

Clothed Ardisia. Shrub.

MYRSINEACEZ.

Sect. IT. Hymena’npra (from vv, hymen, a membrane, and avno avdpoc, aner andros, a male; the anthers are membrane- winged in the first species). Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 126. Anthers combined. Style about equal in length to the stamens ; stigma dot-formed. Bracteas much shorter than the pedicels.

78 A. HYMENA'NDRA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 282. cat. no. 2266.) glabrous; leaves obovate, acuminated, coarsely cre- nated, tapering and entire downwards; corymbs lateral, leafy from large bracteas; segments of corolla nearly linear, long; anthers combined, membrane-winged and tailed. ^. S. Na- tive of Silhet, on the Juntyapoor mountains. Wall. pl. rar. asiat. 1. t. 175. Branches marked with callous tubercles. Leaves scattered, approximate, subverticillate by threes or fours, 6-10 incheslong. Corymbs rising from the vestiges of the fallen leaves, composed of approximate spreading umbels of large pink flowers. Peduncles flattened. — Calycine segments lanceolate, slightly ciliated.

Membrane-anthered Ardisia. Shrub 6 to 8 feet.

79 A. cLANDULOSA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 276.) glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, having the margins coloured and glandular ; umbels few-flowered, on long peduncles, globular, at and round the tops of the branches; corolline segments round and emarginate ; anthers united. h.S. Native of Silhet, where it is called by the natives Bun-nurukalee. Leaves 4-6 inches long. Flowers small, white, on short pedicels. Calyx rusty from dots.

Glandular-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

Secr. III. MicnaNTHE RA (from jukpoc, micros, small, and avOnoa, anthera, an anther; in allusion to the anthers being much shorter than the filaments.) Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 126. Filaments elongated ; anthers free, much shorter than the filaments. Style subulate, not longer than the stamens.

§ 1. Style about equal in length to the stamens. Old anthers horizontal, twisted. .

80 A. corta‘cza (Swartz, prod. p. 48. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 470.) glabrous; leaves oblong, bluntish, quite entire, coriaceous ; panicle terminal, pyramidal, rather longer than the leaves; caly- cine lobes ovate, bluntish; lobes of corolla ovate, acute, re- flexed ; filaments almost combined, inserted in the top of the tube of the corolla, rather longer than the anthers. h. S. Native of Guadaloupe and Hispaniola. Anguillaria coriàcea, Poir. dict. suppl. 7. p. 683. The flowers and inflorescence agree with Wallénia. Corollas red, rather large.

Coriaceous-leaved Ardisia. Clt. 1824. Shrub.

81 A. Hamizrénu (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 126.) leaves obovate, bluntish, coriaceous, veined beneath, and ob- scurely so above, dotted on both surfaces; panicles terminal, rather crowded; racemes undulated, jointed. h. S. Native of St. Domingo. A. obovata, Hamilt. prod. fl. ind. occ. p. 26. but not of Blum. Desv. herb. ex. Hamilt. l. c. Perhaps distinct from A. coridcea.

Hamilton’s Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

82 A. ExcE'LsA (Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 261. Chr. Smith, in herb. D. C. et Deless. ex Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves ovate-oblong, bluntish, middle-sized, entire, glabrous; peduncles axillary ; pedicels umbellate, longer than the peduncles; calycine seg- ments acute, glabrous ; alabastra acute; lobes of corolla lan- ceolate, 3 times longer than the calyx; filaments subulate, twice as long as the anthers. h. F. Native of Madeira, on the mountains, where it is called Aderno tree. Heberdénia excélsa, Banks. Anguillària Bahaménsis, Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 373. t. 77. f.1.? My'sine heberdénia, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 508. Icacórea Babaménsis, Lam. ill. t. 136. f. 1. Peduncles very short, therefore it comes near to the genus Myrsine. Flowers red.

Fl. Mar. July. Clt. 1828.

IX. Arpista. 19

Tall Ardisia or Aderno-tree. 'Tree 20 to 40 feet.

§ 2. Style one half shorter than the stamens. — Anthers erect.

83 A. Luérsxya (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 127.) glabrous; leaves oblong, entire, bluntish, dotted ; panicles ter- minal and axillary, many-flowered, much shorter than the leaves; pedicels umbellate; lobes of calyx acute ; corolla funnel-shaped, with oblong lobes; filaments length of corolla. h.S. Native of Brazil, about Rio Janeiro. Leaves 2-3 inches long, full of black dots. Lobes of corolla white, spotted with yellow.

Lhotsky's Ardisia. "Tree.

84 A. racemosa (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 661.) leaves obovate- oblong, subrevolute, coriaceous, shining on both surfaces, paral- lelly nerved beneath, full of dots; racemes axillary, straight. h.S. Native of Brazil.

Racemose-flowered Ardisia. Tree.

85 A. vepmora (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 247.) branches clothed with rusty tomentum ; leaves obovate-oblong, acuminated, quite entire, glabrous, lepidotted beneath ; panicles terminal, much branched ; flowers conglobate, almost sessile ; segments of calyx ovate, acutish, full of glandular dots; lobes of corolla oblong, obtuse, reflexed ; filaments filiform, 4 times longer than the anthers. h. S. Native of New Granada, be- tween the mines of Santanna and the town of Mariquita. Branches angular. Branches of panicle clothed with rusty tomentum. Flowers small.

Lepidotted Ardisia.

Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1794.

Shrub or tree.

Secr. IV. Tyrsæ'a (meaning unknown to us). Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 127. Flowers loosely panicled; pe- duncles alternate. Bracteas large, caducous. Flowers alter- nate, almost sessile, large.

86 A. snAcTEOsA (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves oblong, acutish, entire, coriaceous ; bracteas ovate, acute; lobes of calyx and corolla ovate, acute; anthers ovoid, horizontal, smaller than the filaments; style rather longer than the stamens. h.G. Na- tive of Mexico. Tyrba'a, Moc. et Sesse, icon. mex. ined. Branches fuscous. Leaves approximate, 3-4 inches long. Co- rolla of a whitish rose-colour.

Bracteate Ardisia. Tree.

87 A. rscuLE'NTA (Pavon, in herb. Moricand. Alph. D. C. l. c. p. 128.) leaves ovate-oblong, acutish, entire, coriaceous, glabrous, dotted ; petioles margined; panicles longer than the leaves; bracteas ovate, bluntish; calycine lobes ovate, acute, ciliated ; anthers triangular, acute, longer than the filaments ; style subulate, inclosed. h. S Native of South America. Leaves 3-4 inches long, full of resinous black dots. Panicle slightly velvety. Lobes of corolla obtuse, spotted. Hardly distinct from the preceding species, nevertheless the stamens are very different. Berries esculent.

Esculent Ardisia. Tree or shrub.

88 A. ra&'ripA (Reem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 803.) leaves oblong-obovate, acuminated, coriaceous, shining above, and nearly veinless ; spikes panicled, terminal; bracteas ovate, con- cave, obvolute; calycine segments ovate; lobes of corolla revo- lute; anthers connivent. h. S. Native of South America. Wood white and fetid. Flowers pale rose-coloured. Corolla campanulately rotate. Style longer than the corolla.

Fetid-wooded Ardisia. Tree 10 to 15 feet.

+ Species not sufficiently known.

89 A. Baname'nsis (Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 128.) h. G. Native of the Bahamas. Heberdénia excélsa, Banks. herb.'ex Gertn. Anguillaria Bahaménsis, Gertn. fruct. 1.

D2

20 MYRSINEACE. p. 372. t. 77. f. 1. Icacórea Bahaménsis, Lam. ill. t. 136. f. 1. Perhaps the same as 4. excélsa.

Bahama Ardisia. Tree.

90 A.riwEA'TA (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 804. ex herb. Willd ) leaves oblong-ovate, parallelly veined, glabrous ; panicle terminal, divaricate. h.S. Native of South America. Humb. et Bonpl.

Lined-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

91 A. pıvarica`ra (Roem. et Schultes, l. c.) leaves lanceo- late, tapering into the petioles; flowers panicled ; branches of panicle divaricate. h.S. Native?

Divaricate-panicled Ardisia. Shrub or tree.

92 A.? PAnviFÓLIA (Roem. et Schultes, l. c.) leaves ovate- lanceolate ; cymes trifid, axillary. h. S. Native of Peru. Humb. et Bonpl. Calyx small, 5-toothed. Corolla salver- shaped, having the tube inflated at the apex, and the limb 5- parted. Stamens inclosed. Style inclosed. Stigma ovate, thickened. Drupe ovate, clammy, 1-celled, 1-seeded.

Small-leaved Ardisia. Shrub 6 feet.

93 A.? parasitica (Swartz, prod. p. 48. fl. ind. occ. 1. p. 474.) glabrous; leaves lanceolate, ovate, lined, sessile; ra- cemes axillary, simple. kh. S. Native of Dominica, on the trunks of trees, among the mountains. Anguillària parasitica, Poir. dict. suppl. 7. p. 687. Branches slender, brittle, tetrago- nal. Leaves quite entire, paler beneath, with blackish veins. Pedicels short, bracteate at the base. Calyx coloured: with ovate, acute lobes. Corolla whitish purple, subrotate, dotted inside. Filaments short; anthers ovate, emarginate, diverging. Style length of stamens. Stigma obtuse. Drupe globose, dotted.

Parasitical Ardisia. Shrub par.

94 A.? aAncU'TA (H.B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 247.) branches and under side of leaves covered with small, rusty scales; leaves elliptic-oblong, acute, sharply toothed; panicles lateral, much branched; flowers pedicellate, rather racemose. h. S. Native of the province of Popayan, on the burning mount Purace, near El Primer Pajonal. Leaves 5-6 inches long. Panicle beset with rusty scales. Calyx 5-parted, having the segments dotted with glands in the middle. Stamens 5-6, opposite the lobes of the corolla. Filaments short; anthers oblong-lanceolate. Ovarium ovate-conical, glabrous. Style filiform; stigma obtuse. Perhaps a distinct genus, although it has the habit and dotting of Ardisza.

Sharp-tooth leaved Ardisia. Tree 15 to 20 feet.

95 A. ova'rA (Thunb. nov. gen. pt. 8. ups. 1795. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. p. 517.) leaves ovate ; stem compressed, fur- rowed. kh. S. Native of the East Indies. Stem simple, a span high, glabrous: bearing 2-3 petiolate, coriaceous, entire, glabrous leaves, with reflexed margins, a hand long. Flowers

panicled.

Ovate-leaved Ardisia. Shrub 1 foot.

Cult. Almost all the species are handsome, and of easy culture. Any light rich soil answers them well, or a mixture of

loam, peat, and sand. Cuttings, either of the branches or root, strike freely in a pot of sand, in heat. When propagated by pieces. of the root, the pieces should be planted so as their tops may be above the mould, and they should not, like cuttings of the branches, be placed under a hand-glass, as they are very apt to rot.

X. EMBELIA (the Ceylonese name of one species). Burm. fl. ind. t. 23. Juss. gen p. 427. Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 285. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 129.—Ribesioides, Lin. fl. zeyl. no. 403.

Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Co- rolla 5-parted; lobes rather valvate in aestivation. Stamens 5,

IX.

Arpisia. X. EMBELIA.

about equal to the lobes of the corolla in length. Anthers ovoid, much shorter than the filaments, which are free, hori- zontal at the time the flowers are open. Ovarium superior, 1- ovulate (ex Wall.). Style shorter than the stamens: stigma capitellate. Berry globose, 1-seeded.—Usually climbing shrubs, natives of Asia; petioles sometimes denticulated. | Racemes axillary or terminal, simple or branched. Flowers small. Ala- bastra obtuse. Peduncles and pedicels alternate, usually pilose or velvety.

* Panicles or racemes terminal.

1. E. rises (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 285. Wall. cat. no. 2304.) scandent; tender shoots and peduncles hoary ; leaves oblong, entire, glabrous; panicles terminal, hoary. R.. S. Native of Silhet, Ceylon, Penang, Singapore, Golgipori, &c. Ribesioides, Lin. fl. zeyl. p. 403. Ribes, Burm. prod. 62. t. 23. A large climber. Leaves 2-3 inches long. Flowers numerous, very small, of a greenish yellow colour. Lobes of calyx concave. Berries size of black pepper, succulent, black. The natives in the vicinity of Silhet, where the plants grow abundantly, gather the berries, and when dry sell them to the small traders in black pepper, who fraudulently mix them with that spice, which they so resemble as to render it almost impossible to distinguish them, by sight, or by any other means, as they are withal somewhat spicy. The vernacular name of the shrub is Baberung.

Currant Embelia. Shrub cl.

2 E. cane’scens (Jack. ex Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 292. Wall. cat. no. 2311.) branches villous; leaves ovate-oblong, acu- minated, retuse at the base, villous beneath ; petioles with curled glandular margins; panicle terminal, consisting of very long hairy branches; petals villous. k. ,, S. Native of Penang, where it is called 4ssum-Oatan, in the Malay language. Leaves membranous, with revolute edges. Lobes of corolla lanceolate. Flowers white. Very like Æ. ribes.

Canescent Embelia. Shrub cl.

* * Racemes axillary.

3 E. rerrucinea (Wall. cat. no. 2310. Alph. D. C. 1. c.) young branches and peduncles tomentose, rusty ; leaves ovate- roundish, entire, coriaceous, glabrous above, and dotted with rusty stellate hairs beneath. h. „S. Native of the Burman Empire, on the banks of the Irrawaddy. Leaves 5 inches long, velvety on the nerves above; petioles pilose, not winged. Berry blackish.

Rusty Embelia. Shrub cl.

4 E. vittésa (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 289. cat. no. 2313.) climbing or rambling; branches villous, and with numerous callous dots; leaves oval, or roundish-oval, short-acuminated, acute at the base, villous beneath ; racemes simple, axillary, fascicled, long, slender, and villous. kh. S. Native about Rajmahul and Tavoy. Leaves ciliated, 4-5 inches long, glabrous above. Flowers small, whitish, very numerous. It comes very near E. robista, but differs from it in hairiness, and in the long fascicled slenderracemes. There are varieties of this species with broadly obovate-roundish, very pilose leaves; or ovate-acute, small, smoothish leaves.

Villous Embelia. Shrub cl.

5 E. picra (Wall. cat. no. 2302.) branches and peduncles vel- vety and rusty; leaves oval, smoothish, remotely denticulated ; racemes axillary, simple, longer than the leaves; calyx and co- rola velvety. hk. S. Native of the East Indies, in Gonga- chara and Goalpara. Samara pícta, Hamilt. herb. Branches pilose, and spotted with white. Leaves 3-5 inches long, and 2-3 broad, glabrous above, remotely marked with black dots be- neath. Flowers as in Æ. villosa.

Painted-branched Embelia. Shrub cl.

MYRSINEACE. X. Ensen.

6 E. rroniBu'wDA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 291. cat. no. 2305. A.) climbing, glabrous; branches slender ; leaves oblong- lanceolate, finely-acuminated, with straight margins; panicles axillary, of many long slender racemes. h.. G. Native of Nipaul, on Chundragiri, Sheopore, and at Thankote. A beautiful climber. Branches scabrous from dots. Leaves 5-6 inches long, with entire revolute edges; dark green above, and pale underneath. Flowers fragrant, dense, yellowish green.

Var.(9; macrophijlla (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves longer. h.o S. Native of Silhet. E. floribánda, Wall. cat. no. 2305. B.

Bundle-flowered Embelia. Shrub cl.

7 E. vrsrira (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 288.) villous, scandent, very much branched ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, attenuated, sub- serrated ; racemes axillary. R.. S. Native of Silhet. The shrub is uncommonly well-furnished with branches and foliage. The flowers are particularly small and delicate, collected into little, oblong, subsessile, axillary racemes.

Clothed Embelia. Shrub cl.

8 E. nu‘rans (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind, 2. p. 290. cat. no. 2303.) shrub nutant, at length pendulous, with very slender dense branches; leaves somewhat bifarious, approximate, lanceolate, acuminated, smooth and shining, waved; racemes numerous, short, 2-3 together, in axillary fascicles. h. S. Native of Silhet. Bark of branches dotted, while young downy. Leaves rather coriaceous, entire, pale, and minutely dotted beneath. Flowers small, white, verging to greenish, with a disagreeable smell. This is a very elegant shrub; its dense branches and pendulous habit render it a desirable ornament in tropical gardens.

Drooping Embelia. Shrub 5-6 feet.

9 E. nosv'srA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 287.) rambling; leaves, smooth, from oblong to ovate; racemes axillary and terminal, solitary. b. S. Native of the East Indies, on the Rajmahul hills. Young branches, and under surfaces of leaves downy, the tender parts clothed witli rust-coloured jointed and glandular tomentum. The leaves and flowers are beset with dots, which are elevated on the latter. Flowers greenish white. Calyx villous.

Robust Embelia. Clt. 1893. Shrub rambling.

10 E. rAnvirLORA (Wall. cat. no. 2307. Alph. D. C. l. c.) leaves bifarious, small, spproximate, ovate, acute, obtuse at the base, entire, glabrous, shining; racemes axillary, shorter than the leaves; flowers small, densely umbellulate; peduncles velvety. h.S. Native of Silhet.

Var. B, major (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves oblong, acute at both ends, larger, a little toothed. h. S.

Small-flowered Embelia. Shrub.

11 E. uropny’tra (Wall. cat. no. 2309. Alph. D. C. 1. c. 131.) quite glabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, entire, coriaceous, shining; peduncles simple, elon- gated, about equal in length to the leaves; pedicels very short. b. S. Native of Singapore. Leaves 2-3 inches long, cuspi- date. Flowers small.

Tail-leaved Embelia. Shrub. T Doubtful species.

12 E. Tsse‘r1am-Corram (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves ovate or elliptic, quite entire, thickish, evergreen, paler beneath ; racemes small, axillary, shorter than the leaves ; lobes of corolla roundish. h. S. Native of Malabar, Tsjériam-Cottam, Rheed. mal. 5. p.21. t. 11. Basal, No. 2. Lam. dict. 1. p. 381. Ardísia; Tsjériam-Céttam, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 518. Racemes solitary or twin. Flowers greenish-brown. Stigma globose. Berry round, reddish, rather acid.

Tsjeriam- Cottam Embelia. Shrub or tree.

13 E.? Basa'Ar (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) leaves ovate, acute, quite

XI. Cuorwrrtatum. XII. Masa. 21 entire, aggregate, terminal; racemes small, lateral, shorter than the leaves; segments of corolla acute. bh. S. Native of Malabar and Cochinchina. Ardisia? Basàal, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 517. Basàal, Rheed. mal. 5. p. 23. t. 12. Lam. dict. l. p. 381. Leaves glabrous, dark green. Flowers small, numerous, white, sweet-scented. Berries small.

Basaal Embelia. Tree middle-sized.

Cult. For culture and propagation see Ardésia, p. 20. The climbing species answer well for training up the rafters in stoves.

XI. CHORIPE’TALUM (from xopic, choris, separately; and meradov, petalon, a petal; the petals are separate, not joined together as in other genera of the order.) Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 131. Myrsines dübize, Wall.

Lin. syst. Tetrándria Mcnogynia. Calyx 4-cleft. Corolla 4-petalled ; petals falling off separately. Stamens 4, opposite the petals, and combined with them at the base. Anthers shorter than the filaments. Style filiform, shorter than the petals. Ovarium superior, perhaps sometimes abortive, therefore the flowers are sometimes polygamous. Drupe globose, 1-seeded. — Woody plants, natives of Asia. Leaves alternate, entire, gla- brous, ovate at the base, and narrowed a long way into the petioles. Flowers racemose; peduncles axillary ; bracteas per- manent, alternate, small; the inflorescence is therefore that of Embélia. This genus, having the corolla composed of separate petals, verges towards Rhamnedcee.

1 C. aurantiacum (Alph. D. C. 1. c. p. 131.) leaves ovate- lanceolate ; peduncles spike-formed, simple, 3 times shorter than the leaves; petals lanceolate ; filaments longer than the petals. h. S. Native of the Indian peninsula. Myrsine aurantiaca, Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 300. cat. no. 2299. Flowers yel- lowish. A large rambling shrub.

Orange-like Choripetalum. Shrub rambling.

2 C. unputa‘rum (Alph. D. C. 1. c. p. 132.) branches full of elevated callous protuberances; leaves ovate or lanceolate, acute at both ends, a little undulated, thin, full of pellucid dots; peduncles 3 times shorter than the leaves; petals lanceolate, acute, glandularly ciliated. — b. G. Native of Nipaul, on

Sheopore. Myrsine undulata, Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 299. A large climbing shrub. Flowers small, scentless, yellowish- white.

Undulated-leaved Choripetalum. Shrub cl. Cult. For culture and propagation see Ardisia, p. 20.

Tribe III.

M z'srx (this tribe only contains the genus Me'sa) Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 132. Calyx 5-lobed. Corolla 5-lobed, in- duplicate in zestivation. Stamens 5, free, inserted in the base of the corolla, inclosed. Anthers ovoid-cordate, equal in length to the filaments. Ovarium adherent, half-inferior, many-ovulate. Style short; stigma 3-5 lobed. Seeds small, numerous, angular, fixed to the central placenta. Embryo transverse.—Shrubs or trees, natives of Asia and Africa. Leaves alternate, sometimes full of pellucid dots, variable on the same specimen. Racemes usually axillary, simple, or branched, many-flowered; flowers alternate, on short pedicels; bracteas 2, almost opposite, near the base of the calyx.

XII. MASA (maas, the Arabic name of one of the species.) Forsk. desc. p. 66. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 133. Baeóbotrys, Forst. nov. gen. t. 11. Blum. bijdr, 864. Sibouratia, Pet. Th. nov. gen. mad. p. 12.

Lin. syst. Pentándria Monogýnia. Character the same as that of the tribe. This genus joins the present order to Primu- lacee, through Sambdlus,

22

* Panicles or racemes terminal.

1 M. panicura‘ra (Wall. cat. no. 2320. Alph. D. C. in Lin. trans. 17. p. 133.) quite glabrous; leaves broad elliptie, acute at both ends, large, toothed; racemes axillary and terminal, elongated slender. h. S. Native about Tavoy, in the Burman Empire. Leaves 6 inches long, and 3 broad, mem- branous, shining, a little dotted. Flowers approximate. Stigma 3-lobed.

Panicled-flowered Mesa. Shrub.

2 M. wuscósa (Blum. bijdr. p. 866. under Baeóbotrys) leaves ovate-oblong, long-acuminated, rather repand, glabrous on both surfaces, as well as the branchlets; panicles axillary, fastigiate. h.G. Native of Java, among bushes on the mountains.

Mossy Mesa. Fl. year. Shrub.

3 M. vinca'rA (Blum. bijdr. 864, under Bæóbotrys) leaves ovate-oblong, much acuminated, glandularly denticulated above the base, glabrous on both surfaces, as well as the branchlets ; racemes compound, twiggy, axillary. k.S. Native of Java, in mountain woods.

Var. (9; leaves quite entire. Gede.

Twiggy Mesa. Fl. year. Shrub.

4 M. rariróLi (Blum. bijdr. p. 866, under Bedbotrys) leaves elliptic-oblong, bluntly acuminated, glandularly denticu- lated above the base, and are, as well as the branchlets, gla- brous; racemes axillary, simple. h.S. Native of Java, on the top of Mount Gede.

Broad-leaved Mesa.

h. S. On the top of Mount

Fl. year. Shrub.

* * Racemes usually lateral.

5 M. ova'rA (Wall. cat. no. 2324. Alph. D. C. l. c. p. 133. t. 4.) glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminated, rather cordate, entire, shining on both surfaces; racemes axillary, elongated, slender, rather longer than the leaves. kh. S. Native of Penang. Branches not dotted. Leaves 2-3 inches long, membranous, Flowers not numerous. Hardly distinct from M. ramentàcea.

Ovate-leaved Mesa. Shrub.

6 M. ramenta cea (Roxb, fl. ind. 2. p. 231.) glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, acuminated, entire, smooth; panicles terminal, axil- lary, and lateral, ramentaceous. h. S. Native of Silhet, where it is called Mulmooriya; and of the Burman Empire, about Rangoon, Moalmyne, and Tavoy. Bedbotrys lucida, Wall. cat. no. 2323. Leaves 2-6 inches long. Panicles nume- rous, small, crowded with small abortive rusty ramentaceous branchlets. Flowers small, greenish yellow. Berries small, white, succulent. Stigma 2-3-lobed.

Ramentaceous Mesa. Shrub.

7 M. uissiówis (Alph. D. C. l. c. p. 134.) glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminated, entire ; racemes shorter than the leaves. 5. S. Native of the East Indies. Baóbotrys? missionis, Wall. cat. no. 6523. Intermediate between M. ramentàcea and M. nemoràlis. Leaves 1-3 inches long, acutish at the base, a little toothed.

Mission Mesa. Shrub.

8 M. nemora‘uis (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) glabrous; leaves ovate- oblong, repandly toothed ; racemes axillary, short and crowded.

S Native of Silhet, where it is called Mulmooriya.

E. s. Baeóbotrys nemoralis, Forst. nov. gen. p. 22. Vahl. symb. p.

19?. Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 282. Mart. choix. de pl. mun. p. 6. t. 6. Leaves3-4incheslong. Racemes twice the length of the petioles. Flowers small, white. Stigma 3-lobed.

Grove Mesa. Fl. March, May. Clt. 1830. Shrub.

9 M. Brvurr; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated at both ends, glandularly serrulated from the middle to the apex, and are, as well as the branches, glabrous; racemes axillary, simple

12

MYRSINEACE. XII. Mzsa.

and compound, shorter than the leaves. 5 .S. Native of Java, in mountain woods, where it is called Kipin burriet. Bzedbotrys lanceolàta, Blum. bijdr. 865.

Var. a; leaves oval, acutish at both ends. b. S. Native of Java, in the province of Cheribon, and among bushes at Tjiradjas.

Var. (3; leaves rounded at the base; racemes compound. h. S. Java, in woods on Mount Salak.

Blume’s Mesa. Fl. year. Shrub.

10 M. Vwoica (Alph. D. C. 1. c.) glabrous; leaves from ovate to lanceolate, coarsely serrated ; racemes axillary and ter- minal: the terminal ones most generally compound. kh. G. Native of Chittagong and Nipaul. Hook, bot. mag. 2052. Baeóbotrys Indica, Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 230. Baeob. lanceolata, Vabl. symb. 1. p. 19. t. 6. Mee'sa Chísea, D. Don. prod. fl. nep. p. 148?. Masa Forsk. fl. egypt. arab. p. 22. t. 11. Leaves 3-6 inches long, pretty smooth. Racemes usually aggregate. Flowers numerous, pure white. Stigma lobed. The berries, which are white, are eaten by the Parbuteeyas, or hill people of Nipaul.

Indian Mesa. Fl. Nov. Clt. 1817. Shrub 5 to 6 feet.

11 M. raxcrora`ra ; glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, quite entire, acuminated ; racemes twin, many-flowered. 5. G. Native of Nipaul. Bzdbotrys lanceolata, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 148. Leaves 3 inches long. Racemes sometimes by threes, or trifid or bifid from the base.

Lanceolate-leaved Maesa. Shrub.

12 M. pvu‘sra (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 235.) almost glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminated, coarsely serrated ; panicles axillary, racemose, equal in length to the leaves. h.S. Native of the East Indies, at Wynaad and Coorg. Branches hardly pubescent, dotted. Leaves 5-6 inches long. Panicles composed of long slender racemes. Flowers very small.

Doubtful Mesa. Shrub.

13 M. ancE'sTrEA (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 233.) young branches villous, old ones downy; leaves ovate, acuminated, sharply toothed, downy, of a silvery white colour beneath; racemes axillary, short. 5 .G. Native of Nipaul, on Chundra- giri. Branches subscandent. Leaves 6-8 inches long. Racemes downy: having a few alternate branches at the base, giving it the appearance of being fascicled. Flowers dense, white,

nodding. Berries smooth white. Silvery Mesa. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1818. Shrub 5 to 6 feet.

14 M. macropuy’tra (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 234. cat. no. 2325,) arboreous, densely villous ; leaves ovate, subcordate, very soft, obtuse or acute, strongly toothed; panicles axillary and terminal. b. G. Native of Nipaul, at Hetounra, and on Chundragiri, Naokote, foot of Sheopore, and on hills called Chiriaghaut. Bæóbotrys tomentosa, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 148.? Young branches ferruginous. Leaves 6 to 12 inches long. Flowers white, smaller than those of the preceding, as also the berries.

Long-leaved Mzesa. feet.

15 M. wórris (Blum. bijdr. p. 865, under Bedbotrys,) leaves elliptie, oblong, acute, almost entire, soft beneath, as well as the branchlets; racemes axillary, simple. h.S. Native of Java, on the mountains.

Soft Mesa. Fl. year. Shrub.

16 M. mortissima (Blum. bijdr. p. 866, under Bæóbotrys) leaves oblong, acute, almost quite entire, clothed with silky down above, but very soft beneath, as well as the branchlets; racemes compound, axillary. | 5. S. Native of Java, on the mountains.

Very soft Mesa. Fl. year. Shrub.

Cult. See Ardisia, p. 20, for culture and propagation.

Fl. April, July. Cit. 1818. Tree 10

MYRSINEACE/E. XIII. ConvNocanPus.

XIII. CORYNOCA'RPUS (from kopvvyj, coryne, a club ; and xapoc, karpos, a fruit, in reference to the shape of the fruit.) Forster, gen. t. 16. Schreb. gen. 394. Juss. 288.

Lin. syst. Pentándria Monogynia. Calyx of 5 concave se- pals. Corolla of 5 roundish petals, narrowed at the base: alter- nating with as many petal-formed scales, which are furnished each with a gland inside at the base. Stamens 5, rising from the claws of the petals, subulate; anthers oblong; style one, short; stigma obtuse. Drupe terbinately clavate, containing a single 1-seeded nut.—A shrub, with alternate, stalked, obovate, wedge-shaped, sub-emarginate, quite entire, glabrous leaves ; and terminal, large, sessile panicles of white flowers.

1 C. reviea‘ra (Forst. l. c. Lin. syst. 242.) 5. G. Native of New Zealand.

Smooth Corynocarpus. Fl.? Clt. 1823. Tree. 20 feet.

Cult. For culture and propagation see Ardisia, p. 20.

+ Shrubs belonging to the Myrsinedcee, but doubtful to which of the genera they appertain,

* Natives of Asia.

1 Empe'tia? LücrpA (Wall. cat. no. 2315. Alph. D. C. 1. c. p. 134.) branches grey ; leaves oval, alternate, 2-4 inches long, acute at both ends, coriaceous, entire, with revolute hardly dotted edges, having the lateral nerves arched near the margin; pedun- cles spike-formed, axillary, solitary or twin, 4 times shorter than the leaves, velvety: covered with ovate-acute, imbricating bracteas their whole length ; ovarium sessile, ovoid, in the axils of the bracteas, terminated by a 2-5 lobed stigma. h. S. Native of Singapore. From the ovarium, stigma, and bracteas about the base of the peduncles, it agrees with Myrsine; but from the flowers being alternate on secund peduncles, it agrees with Zmbélia.

Shining Embelia. Shrub.

2 Empe'tra? coriacea (Wall. cat. no. 2314. Alph. D. C. l. c.) branches blackish, striated; leaves lanceolate, acute, half a foot long, entire, glabrous, coriaceous, glaucescent beneath, having the lateral nerves hardly evident, besprinkled with small dots on both surfaces ; panicle terminal, elongated, loose, length of leaves; peduncles and pedicels pilose; calyx glabrous; berries round, dotted, glabrous; style shorter than the berry ; stigma capitate. L.S. Native of Penang. Leaves and inflorescence those of Ardisia, but the stigma is capitellate.

Coriaceous-leaved Embelia. Shrub.

3 My’rsine? uuBELLA'TA (Wall. cat. no. 2312. Alph. D. C. l. c. p. 135.) branches glabrous; leaves 2-3 inches long, oblong, obtuse, glabrous, a little denticulated, with revolute margins, thickish, slightly dotted ; flowers axillary, on a common short peduncle: covered by ovate, acute, concave, rather ciliated, short bracteas ; pedicels umbellate, filiform, 4-6 in number; calyx 5- parted. h.S. Native of Singapore. Inflorescence that of Myrsine.

Umbellulate-flowered Myrsine. Shrub.

4 Arpista? srica`ra (Wall. cat. no. 2273. Alph. D. C. 1. c.) glabrous; leaves on long petioles : petioles 3 inches long, dilated and marginated, sheathing at the base for the space of one inch: limb ovate, acute at both ends, 3-4 inches long, 14 to 2} inches broad, repandly crenulated, coriaceous, full of pellucid dots, having the nervation very singular for the order: the lateral nerves are numerous, parallel, and very distinct, even to near the margin, with smaller, hardly perspicuous, transverse nerves; peduncles axillary, 1-3 inches long, and are, as well as the pedicels and flowers, rather downy: bearing lateral, many- flowered, or 1-flowered, alternate branchlets; pedicels usually umbellate at the tops of the branchlets, 2 lines long; bracteas subulate, caducous; calyx deeply 5-cleft, with slender, subulate,

23

erectly incurved lobes; corolla and stamens unknown; ovarium superior, ovoid, terminated by the filiform style, which is the length of the calyx; berries globose, thick, l-seeded, as in Ardisia h. S. Native of Singapore. The inflorescence is that of Choripétalum. The petioles, being dilated at the base, are very like those of Alisma, and it will therefore form a new genus.

Spicate-flowered Ardisia, Shrub or tree.

5 Arpisia DENTICULA'TA (Blum. bijdr. p. 691.) leaves oblong, acuminated at both ends, bluntish at the apex, denticulated at top, glabrous; umbels sub-corymbose, rarely solitary, terminal or axillary; calycine segments obtuse; flowers for the most part tetrandrous. h.S. Native of Java, on the Seribu moun- tains, and about Rompien.

Denticulated-leaved Ardisia. Fl. March. Shrub.

6. Masa rETRA'NDRA (Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 233.) leaves alter- nate, oblong, entire; racemes axillary; flowers tetrandrous. h. S. Native of the Moluccas.

Tetrandrous Mesa. Shrub.

* * Natives of Africa, and probably belonging to the genus Bádula.

7 Arpista MIcROPHY'LLA (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 804, ex Pet. Th. in. herb. Willd.) leaves obovate, acutish, quite entire; peduncles axillary, l-flowered. h. S Native of Madagascar.

Small-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

8 ÅRDÍSIA FLORIBUNDA (Roem. et Schultes, |. c.) panicles axillary, divaricate; leaves elliptic-obovate, quite entire. k. S. Native of Madagascar.

Bundle-flowered Ardisia. Shrub.

9 AnpísiA PYRIFÒLIA (Roem. et Schultes, l. c.) peduncles racemose, terminal; leaves obovate, coriaceous, quite entire. L.S. Native of Madagascar.

Pear-leaved Ardisia. Shrub.

10 ÅRDÍSIA ERYTHROXYLOIDES (Roem. et Schultes, l|. c.) flowers lateral, subspicate at the tops of the branches; leaves lanceolate-obovate, coriaceous. h.S. Native of Madagascar.

Erythroxylon-like Ardisia. Shrub.

* * * Natives of America.

11 My'usixz ? spica‘ra (H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 250.) leaves obovate-oblong, rounded at the apex, quite entire, glabrous, glaucous, pruinose and shining above; spikes axillary, about equal in length to the petioles ; flowers sessile; corollas 4-5-parted. h.S. Native of the province of New Guiana, in inundated places on the banks of the river Atabapo. Leaves coriaceous, 3-3} inches long. Segments of calyx ovate-acute, full of glandular dots. Corolla yellowish, with bluntish revolute segments, full of glandular dots. Stamens, with very short gla- brous filaments: and erect, lanceolate, and tetragonal anthers, which dehisce lengthwise inside. Style filiform; stigma simple. Ovarium ovate, glabrous. Perhaps a species of Weigéltia; but, nevertheless, it differs in the form and size of the anthers. In- florescence not that of Myrsine.

Spicate-flowered Myrsine. Shrub 8 to 12 feet.

12 Arpista Brazitiz’Nsis (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 662.) leaves lanceolate-oblong, tapering to both ends, membranous, entire ; panicles lateral; peduncles umbelliferous. ^ b. S. Native of Brazil.

Brazilian Ardisia. Shrub.

* * * * Native country doubtful.

13 Arpista MuLTIFLÓRA (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 804. ex herb. Willd.) flowers racemose; leaves oblong, attenuated

24

at both ends, with slender parallel veins. 5. S. Native coun- try unknown.

Many-flowered Ardisia. Shrub.

T + Plants referred to the order Myrsineacee, which ought to be excluded.

1 Arpista runBACE' sis (H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 245.) From the description given of the fruit and seeds, in the above work, this plant belongs to the order Sapotee.

2 Bæósorrys AcuMINA'TA (Wall. cat. no. 2321.) From the corolla being polypetalous, and the stamens alternating with the petals, it probably belongs to the order Rhamnedcee, but certainly not to Myrsineacee.

3 Empe‘tra? ramosa (Wall. cat. no. 6522.) leaves without dots. Petals wanting. Stamens 5, inserted in the lobes of the perigone, and opposite them. Stigma discoid, toothed. Probably belonging to the order Urticee.

4 Arpista ACEROSA (Geertn.) is Cyathódes acerósa, R. Br.

5 /EcícERAs minus (Gaertn.) is Connàris santaloides, Vahl. ex Konig.

6 My’rsine? THE rOLI1A (Wall. cat. no. 6391.) does not be- long to the order, as the stamens alternate with the lobes of the corolla.

+ t + Genera referred to Myrsínece.

1 Oríri (Roxb.) is very like Grovitia, Perrot. et Guill. fl. seneg. 1. p. 100. t. 22, which belongs to the order Olacinee, according to the authors.

2 Sama‘ra (Lin. but not of Swartz) the Córnus Zeylánica, Burm. zeyl. t. 76, belongs to the order Rhamnee.

Orper CXLIV. THEOPHRA’STE (so called from the plants of the order agreeing with Theophrásta in important cha- racters.) Bartl. D. Don, mss.— Myrsínee part of authors. Calyx 5-parted, imbricate, sessile, permanent. Corolla mono- petalous, 5-lobed ; the lobes imbricate in eestivation, and having Stamens 5, opposite the lobes of the corolla; anthers turned outwardly, bilo- cular; the cells parallel, opening lengthwise ; pollen farinaceous. Ovarium free, superior 1-celled; the ovula erect, usually indefinite, inserted into a central placenta. Stigma simple, undivided. Berry crustaceous, 1-celled, valveless; 1 or many-seeded ; filled by the fleshy placenta. Seeds with a hollow umbilicus; the testa simple, thin, and cartilaginous. Albumen copious, horny. Embryo erect, with foliaceous cotyledons: and a cylindrical radicle, which is opposite the hylum.—Non-lactescent, small, evergreen trees or shrubs, natives of equinoxial America; with usually simple stems, bearing leaves at their tops. Leaves alter- nate, callous, and often toothed on the edges, reticulately veined ; the primary veins transverse; petioles callous at the base. Flowers terminal or lateral, racemose.

squameeform appendages alternating with them.

Synopsis of the genera. 1 Jacquinia. and petaloid.

Corolla campanulate; the appendages distinct Stamens free. Berry 1-seeded.—Leaves entire, with inconspicuous veins.

2 Cravisa. Corolla salver-shaped; the appendages fleshy and adnate. Stamens monadelphous. Berry 2 or many-seeded. —Leaves veiny ; the margin entire or toothed.

3 Tueopnra’sta. Corolla campanulate ; the appendages

THEOPHRASTEE.

I. Jacauinia. combined into an angularly-lobed, fleshy, arched ring. Stamens free. Berry many-seeded. — Leaves toothed, veiny.

4 Oncinus. Corolla funnel-shaped, fleshy; segments all hooked; the appendages combined into a 5-cleft ring. Stamens free. Berry many seeded.—Leaves entire, opposite.

5 Leonia. Corolla rotately sub-campanulate; the appen- dages combined with the filaments into a cup-shaped tube. Berry many-seeded, seeds fixed to parietal placentas—.Leaves entire.

I. JACQUI'NIA (so named by Linnzeus, in honour of Nicholas Joseph de Jacquin, Professor of Botany at Vienna, born at Leyden in 1727, author of many splendid works). Lin. gen. no. 254. Jacq. amer. 23. Juss. gen. 151. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 250.

Lin. syst. — Pentándria, Monogynia. Segments of calyx obtuse. Corolla campanulate; segments of corolla are, as well as the distinct appendages in the throat, obtuse. Stamens 5, inserted in the base of the tube of the corolla; anthers ovate. Ovarium containing many ovula. Style short; stigma obtuse. Berry globose, 1-6-seeded.—Branched shrubs and small trees. Leaves scattered, obtuse, or verticillate, quite entire, crowded at the tops of the branches, with revolute edges. Flowers terminal, racemose, or solitary.

1 J. arporea (Vahl, eclog. p. 26. H.B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 250.) leaves opposite, or almost 4 in a whorl, obo- vate-oblong, obtuse, unarmed, glabrous; flowers racemose. h.S. Native of the Spanish Main, about Cumana ; and the island of Montserrat. At Cumana it is called Barbasco. Branches somewhat dichotomous, the lower ones 4 together. Leaves about 14 inch long, and 6-7 lines broad. Corolla white. Calycine segments ciliated. Lobes of crown or appendages scale-formed. Berries red, 1-seeded.

Tree Jacquinia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1829. Tree 20 feet.

2 J. AnMILLA'RIs (Jacq. amer. 53. t. 39. pict. t. 36. Lin. spec. 272.) leaves wedge-shaped, obtuse, unarmed, alternate ; flowers racemose. h. S. Native of South America, and the West Indies, on calcareous rocks by the coast; Jamaica, Cu- ragoa, Martinico, Carthagena, &c.—Loefl. itin. 244. t. 277.— Sloan. jam. 2. p. 89. t. 190. f. 2. Branches nodose at the rami- fications, 4-5 in a whorl. Leaves oblong-obovate, sometimes emarginate, but always with a little stiff mucrone. Flowers small, white, with the scent of jasmine. Berry of a reddish orange colour, containing 4 seeds, or thereabouts.

Bracelet Jacquinia. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1768. Shrub 4 to 6 feet.

3 J. Caraca’sana (H. B. et Kunth. nov. gen. 3. p. 251.) leaves scattered, lanceolate-oblong, glabrous, terminating in a spiny point. b. S. Native on the Caraccas shore, between the port of La Guayra and Cabo Blanco, in dry places. Leaves cuneated at the base, 14 inch long, and 5 lines broad. Berry edible, 4-6 seeded. Seeds imbedded in sweet fleshy pulp.

Caraccas Jacquinia. Sbrub 6 to 8 feet.

4 J. pusr scens (H. B. et Kunth. 1. c. t. 244.) leaves scattered ; upper ones sub-verticillate, obovate-oblong, rounded at the apex, and terminating in a spine, downy beneath; flowers race- mose. M. S. Native of South America, in the province of Bracamoros, on the banks of the river Amazon, near Tome- penda. J. mucronàta, Willd. herb. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 802. Branches sub-verticillate. Leaves 18-20 lines long, and 7-8 lines broad. Flowers probably white. This species differs from J. macrocárpa, Cav. in the leaves being obovate- oblong, and downy beneath.

Downy-leaved Jacquinia, Shrub 4-5 feet.

THEOPHRASTE.

5 J. Berreru (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 668.) leaves scattered, sub- spatulate, acutish, coriaceous, quite glabrous ; corymbs terminal, few-flowered. A. S. Native of Hispaniola.

Bertero’s Jacquinia. Shrub.

6 J. macroca’rpa (Cav. icon. 5. p. 55.t. 483.) leaves lanceo- late or lanceolate-obovate, mucronate, glabrous ; flowers race- mose. bh. S. Native of Mexico, by the sea shore, not far from Panama, Acapulco, &c. Bark violaceous. Leaves 2-3 inches long. Flowers orange-coloured. Berry orange-coloured, cherry-shaped.

Long-fruited Jacquinia. Fl. May, Sept. Clt. 1825. Shrub 6 to 8 feet. 7 J. AURANTI ACA (Ait. hort. FIG. 6.

kew. 2d ed. vol. 2. p. 6.) leaves obovate-lanceolate, acuminated, ending in a pungent point, gla- brous; flowers racemose. b. S. Native of the Sandwich Islands. Sims, bot. mag. 1639. | Branches sub-verticil- late. Flowers orange-coloured. (f. 6.)

Orange - coloured flowered Jacquinia. Fl. April, Sept. Clt. 1796. Shrub 3 to 6 feet.

8 J. rusciròLIa (Jacq. amer. 54. ed. pict. t. 57.) leaves lan- ceolate, verticillate, glabrous, ending in a spiny taper point; peduncles 1-flowered, drooping.

Native of South Medeéola aculeata, Branches Leaves 5-8 ina whorl, an inch long. Flowers

hess America, and of Cuba, in mountain-woods. Lin. spec. 339.—Dill. elth. p. 148. t. 123. f. 119.

dichotomous. white.

Ruscus-leaved Jacquinia. 3 feet.

9 J. FERRUGÍNEA (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 668.) leaves alternate, linear, straight, cuspidate, rather coriaceous, rusty beneath, veiny ; peduncles sub-racemose, axillary, few-flowered. h. S. Native of Hispaniola.

Rusty-leaved Jacquinia. Shrub.

10 J. umvza‘ris (Jacq. amer. 54. t. 40. f. 1. ed. pict. t. 58.) leaves linear, acuminated, pungent, whitish beneath, usually twisted, with revolute edges; pedicels solitary, 1-flowered, pen- dulous. h. S. Native of St. Domingo, on the sea-shore ; and of the Cayman islands, on the shore, within reach of the tide, where we have seen it in great profusion. Habit of Andrémeda polifólia. Flowers red. Segments of corolla reflexed.

Linear-leaved Jacquinia. Fl. May, Sept. Clt. 1823. Shrub 1 foot.

11 J.? vendsa (Swartz, prod. p. 47.) leaves ovate-lanceolate, veiny, rather membranous. h. S. Native of the West Indies. Swartz has omitted this plant in Flora Indice Occiden- talis. It is probably the Pychótria megalaspérma, Vahl. and not a species of the present genus.

Veiny Jacquinia. Shrub.

Cult. Jacquinia is a genus of very pretty shrubs, when in blossom, and are, therefore, very desirable in every collection of stove plants. A mixture of sand and peat is a good soil for them; and if they were watered occasionally with salted water, they would probably grow and flower more freely. Cuttings will strike root in sand, under a hand-glass, in heat.

Fl.?* Clit. 1729. Shrub 2 to

Il. CLAVIJA (named by Ruiz and Pavon, after J. Clavijo Faxardo, a Spanish naturalist) Ruiz et Pav. syst. fl. per. 1. p. VOL. IV.

I. Jacaurnia.

LII CLAVA. 25

284. gen. t. 30. D. Don, in edinb. phil. journ. jan. 1831.— Theophrásta species of authors.

Lin. syst. Monadélphia, Pentándria. Segments of calyx nearly orbicular, concave, finely and erosely serrulated. Corolla rotate ; segments fleshy, with finely crenulated margins. Crown of the throat 10-lobed; lobes obtuse, fleshy. Filaments com- bined into a pyramidal tube; anthers trigonal, combined into a starry disk, with the cells hardly drawn out at the base, at length 4-lobed behind. Style attenuated; stigma small, trun- cate. Berry globose, crustaceous, 1-celled, usually many-seeded, rarely 1-2-seeded. The rest as in Theophrasta.—Shrubs with simple, unbranched stems: furnished with a tuft of long, spiny- toothed leaves at top, somewhat in the manner of palm trees. Leaves alternate, crowded so as to appear verticillate, spreading, oblong-lanceolate, coriaceous, glabrous, reticulately-veined, with spiny-toothed or quite entire edges; petioles callous at the base. Flowers terminal, racemose, white or orange-coloured ; they are hermaphrodite, but never dioecious, as said by the authors of Floræ Peruviane.

§ 1. Leaves nith quite entire edges.

1 C. macroca’rpa (Ruiz. et Pav. syst. fl. per. et chil. 1. p. 284, gen. t. 30.) leaves spatulate-oblong, acute, stiff, dotted beneath ; petioles hardly an inch long ; racemes very long, pendu- lous, glabrous. 5.S$. Native of Peru, in the forests of Cuchero and Muna, where it is commonly called Lucuma de Monte. Leaves 1 to 14 foot long, with cartilaginous, sub-reflexed edges. Racemes from a span to 1 foot long. Flowers larger than other species of the genus. Berry size of a crab-apple.

Large-fruited Clavija. Clt. 1816. Shrub 10 to 12 feet.

2 C. tonerrorta (Ruiz. et Pav. syst. fl. per. et chil. 1. p. 284.) leaves spatulate-lanceolate, acuminate, rather membranous ; petioles 3 inches long; racemes erect, downy. h.S. Native of Peru, in Pati and Macora. C. lancifólia, Desf. in nouv. ann. mus. l. p. 402. t. 14. Leaves 1} to 2 feet long, and a hand in breadth. Berry size of a cherry.

Long-leaved Clavija. Fl. Aug. Sept. Shrub 8 feet.

3 C. srATULATA (Ruiz. et Pav. l. c. p. 285.) leaves ob- long-spatulate, obtuse ; petioles 14 inch long; racemes erect, smoothish. 5. S. Native of Peru, in the woods of Pozuzo and Muna. Leaves rather membranous, a foot or more long, and 5 inches broad. Racemes 3-4 inches long. Berry size of a cherry.

Spatulate-leaved Clavija. Shrub 6 feet.

4 C. en’yputa (Ruiz. et Pav. l. c. p. 285. D. Don, in edinb, phil. journ. jan. 1831.) leaves lanceolate ; racemes long, pendu- lous. h.S. Native of Peru, in the forests of Pozuzo.

Drooping-racemed Clavija. Shrub 4 to 6 feet.

§. 2. Leaves with spiny-toothed edges.

5 C. onNA'TA (D. Don, I. c.) leaves long-lanceolate, acute, spiny-toothed ; petioles a nail in length; racemes drooping ; berries usually 2-seeded. h.S. Native of Caraccas, in woods. Theophrasta longifolia, Jacq. coll. 4. p. 136. hort. schoenbr. 1. t.

116. Leaves 15 foot long, acute at the base. Racemes 3 to 4 inches long. Flowers orange-coloured. Berry size of a small cherry.

Ornamental Clavija. Cit. 1828. Shrub 10 to 12 feet.

6 C. uxpurA'ra (D. C. 1. c.) leaves cuneate-lanceolate, acu- minated, spiny-toothed ; petioles half an inch long. b.S. Native of Guayaquil. Clavija, spec. nov. Ruiz. et Pav. in herb. Lamb. Leaves hardly a foot long, acute at the base, with the margins sinulately toothed and undulated. Flowers not seen.

Undulated-leaved Clavija. Shrub.

Cult. Shrubs very like Theophrdsta in habit, which see, p. 26. for culture and propagation.

26

III. THEOPHRA'STA (so named from Theophrastus, the father of naturalhistory.) Juss.gen. Lin.spec. Lindl. coll. t. 26.

Li. svsr. — Pentándria, Monogiynia. Calyx campanulate, cartilaginous ; segments elliptic-oblong, with erosely-toothed edges. Corolla campanulate, with a short tube, a dilated penta- gonal throat, and a spreading limb; throat girded by an elevated, angularly-lobed, fleshy, arched ring. .Stamens 5, combined with the tube of the corolla; anthers furnished with a beak-formed, obtuse appendage. Style attenuated ; stigma capitate. Berry spherical, crustaceous, many-seeded, bursting irregularly ; seeds half immersed in the placenta.— This is a small tree, with a simple, unbranched stem: furnished with a tuft of long, evergreen leaves at top, somewhat in the manner of a palm tree. Leaves alternate, crowded so as to appear somewhat verticillate, almost sessile, oblong-lanceolate, coriaceous, stiff, glabrous, pale green, a foot or a foot and a half long, with undulated, dentately spinose margins, usually truncate at the base and apex, paler beneath, very smooth, with a very thick midrib: having the veins hardly evident, except in the dried state. Flowers terminal, racemose ; racemes numerous, many-flowered, hidden among the leaves, very short, hardly 2 inches long. Corolla white. Berry size a crab apple, yellowish.

1 T. Jussreu's: (Lind. coll. t. 26.) h.S. Native of St. Do- mingo, on the mountains. Th. Americana, Lin. spec. 1. p. 212.? Swartz, obs. p. 58. Th. Henrici, Hamilt. prod. fl. ind. occ. p. Erésia foliis aquifolii longissimis, Plum. gen. p. 8. t. 28. icon. t- 126.7?

Jussieu's Theophrasta. Fl.? Clt. 1818. Tree 10 feet.

Cult. A small tree, handsome on account of its long, holly- like leaves. A mixture of peat, loam, and sand, answers it well; and cuttings, having the leaves remaining on entire, will take root readily in sand, under a hand-glass, in heat.

THEOPHRASTE/E. III. Turopurasta.

IV. ONCE NUS (from oykwoc, onkinos, a hook ; in reference to the segments of the corolla being hooked.) Lour. coch. p. 123.

Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx tubular, 5-notched. Corolla funnel-shaped, fleshy ; limb 5-parted : segments obtuse, all hooked to one side, emarginate; crown 5-cleft, in the mouth of the tube. Filaments fixed to the middle of the tube. anthers simple. Ovarium globose. Style short. Stigma acute. Berry globose, large, shining, 1-celled, many-seeded. Seeds small, roundish, nestling in the pulp.—A climbing shrub. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, entire, glabrous, shining, opposite.? Flowers white, in long, racemose, terminal corymbs. Berry red, edible, sweet, and somewhat astringent.

1 O. Cocwincutne’nsis (Lour. |. c.) b. G. Native of Cochinchina. ^ Theophrásta Cochinchinénsis, Spreng. syst. 1.

$671:

Cochin-china Oncinus. Shrub cl.

Cult. See Theophrásta above for culture and propagation.

V. LEO'NIA (named after Don Francisco Leon, a great promoter of the sciences, who by his munificence assisted in bringing out some volumes of the Flora Peruviana.) Ruiz. et Pav. fl. per. et chil. 2. p. 69. t. 222. Mart. nov. gen. bras. 2. p. 86. t. 200. f. 4. in letterpress. Steudélia, Mart. l. c. in tab. 168 and 169.

Liv. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx small, 5-lobed, deciduous, with scarious edges. Corolla rotately sub-campanu- late. Stamens 5, combined into a pentagonal, cup-shaped tube, inclosing the pistil. Anthers didymous, 2-celled. Berry corti- cate, l-celled. Seeds many, oblong, attached to parietal placen- tas, (ex Mart. 1. c.) nestling in the pulp.—Trees with alternate, coriaceous leaves, on short petioles, entire, full of pellucid dots, glabrous. Flowers cream coloured, full of glandular dots, dis- posed in axillary racemes or cymes.

T2

IV. Onctnus. V. Leonra.—SAPOTACEÆ,

1 L. racemòsa (Mart. nov. gen. bras. 2. p. 86. t. 168, and t. 200. f. 4. under Steudèlia, in tab.) leaves oblong, ending in a short, acute point; flowers disposed in drooping, compound, aggregate racemes. k.S. Native of Brazil, on the banks of the Amazon, at Serpa; and of Peru. L. glycicárpa, Ruiz. et Pav. fl. per et chil. 2. p. 69. t. 222. Corolla yellow, with obo- vate, concave segments. Seeds obovate.

Racemose-flowered Leonia. Tree 30 to 40 feet.

2 L. cvwósA (Mart. l. c. 2. p. 88. t. 169. under Steudélia, in tab.) leaves oblong, acuminated at both ends; cymes of flowers bifid, erect. h.S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Rio Negro, at Ega, in woods. Seeds oblong.

Cymose-flowered Leonia. Tree 10 to 15 feet.

Cult. For culture and propagation see Theophrásta above.

Orpver CXLV. SAPOTA'CEE. p. 151. R.Br. prod. p. 528.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx divided, regular, permanent. Corolla monopetalous, hypogynous, regular : having the segments equal in number to the divisions of the calyx, rarely double or triple that number, deciduous. Stamens epipetalous, definite, distinct ; fertile ones equal in number to the segments of the calyx, rarely more, and opposite them, but alternating with the segments of the corolla; sterile ones equal in number to the fertile ones, and alternating with them, sometimes wanting. An- thers usually behind. Ovarium many-celled; cells 1-seeded. Ovula erect. Style 1; stigma undivided, sometimes lobed. Berry many-celled, or only 1-celled from abortion. Seeds nucumentaceous, sometimes combived into a many-celled puta- men; testa bony, sbining, with the front more or less scraped away, and opaque. Embryo erect, white, large, usually inclos- ed in fleshy albumen. nished with albumen, and fleshy in those without, sometimes connate ; with a short straight or a little inclined radicle, looking

Sapóte, Juss. gen.

Cotyledons foliaceous in those seeds fur-

towards the hilum, and an inconspicuous plumule.— Exotic trees or shrubs, the greater part natives within the tropics, most of which are milky. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, quite entire, coriaceous. Inflorescence axillary.

This order is more nearly allied to Ebendcee than to any other, but differs from it in the species being milky, in the wood being soft, in the stamens being definite, in the flowers being hermaphrodite, in the style being undivided, in the cells of the ovarium being always 1-seeded, in the ovula being erect, in the testa of the seeds being bony, and in many other characters.

The plants containe1 in this order are chiefly valuable for their fruit, which in many cases contribute richly to the dessert. Mimüsops Eléngi, Imbricaria, Commersónii, and Argania Side- réxylon are all of this description; the star-apples of the West Indies, the produce of several species of Chrysophiyllum, and par- ticularly of C. Cainito, are esteemed delicious; and the medlars, lucumas, and sapotillas of equinoxial America, all the fruit of different kinds of A’chras are among the most valuable pro- ductions of the Western world. The seeds of all the order are oily; those of A‘chras sapóta are accounted diuretic and ape- rient. ‘Their oil is not fluid, but so concrete as to have the ^ appearance and consistence of butter, whence the name of butter- tree has been applied to different species, both in India and

SAPOTACEZ. I. Sersatisia. II. Arcanta. 27

Africa. The most famous of this description are the Indian Mava, mahva, or Madhuca, the JBássia butyrdcea, and the African Shea-tree, Bássia Párkii; the seeds of the former are so oleaginous, that a single tree has been known to produce three quintals of oil; the dried flowers of the same tree are mixed by some Indians with their food, and a kind of spirit is distilled from them by others. The juice of all the sapotas is milky, but not acrid and poisonous, like that of most other lactescent orders, but, on the contrary, yielding a wholesome beverage or food. According to Mr. R. Brown, the bark of some species of A'chras and Lucüma is so astringent and febri- fugal as to be substituted for quinquina or Peruvian bark.

Synopsis of the genera.

1 Srnsarísia. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-cleft. Stamens 10, 5 fertile and 5 sterile. Stigma undivided. Ovarium 5- celled. Berry 1-5-seeded.

2 Area’nia. Calyx 10-parted, disposed in a double series, Corolla 5-cleft ; segments sub-emarginate. Stamens 10, 5 fer- tile, and 5 sterile, petal-like. Drupe containing a 2-2-celled nut, some of the cells usually above, marked by as many furrows as there are cells.

3 Sipgréxyton. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-cleft, with a denticulated lobe at the base" of each segment. alternating with the 5 teeth or sterile stamens. Berry 5-celled; cells 1-seeded, not all fertile ; seeds exalbuminous, bony.

4 Bume'‘tia. Calyx and corolla 5-parted. Stamens 10, 5 fertile, alternating with 5 membranous sterile ones. Ovarium 5-celled. Berry l-seeded. Seeds albuminous.

5 Nycrerisition. Calyx and corolla 5-parted. Stamens 5, fertile, without any sterile ones. Ovarium 5-celled; cells 1- seeded. Stigmaobtuse. Seeds bony, albuminous.

6 CarysoruyY'LLUM. Calyx and corolla 5-parted. Stamens 5, fertile, and no sterile ones. Stigma obsoletely 10-lobed. Berry 10-celled. Seeds bony and albuminous.

7 A'cunas. Calyx 6-parted. Corolla 6-cleft. Stamens 12, 6 sterile and 6 fertile. Ovarium 12-6-celled, 12-6-seeded. Seeds albuminous, bony.

8 Lucuma., Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-cleft. Stamens 10, 5 fertile, and 5 sterile, scale-like. Ovarium 10-5-celled. Berry 1-10-seeded. Seeds bony, exalbuminous.

9 Inbdca’RPus. Calyx 2-cleft. Corolla 5-cleft, long and li- near. Stamens 10, inserted in a double row. Stigma concave, sessile. Drupe compressed, ovate, incurved at top, containing a fibry reticulated nut. Embryo exalbuminous.

10 Mimv'sors. Calyx 8-6-parted, in a twin order. Corolla with a double row of segments. Stamens 6-8 fertile (f. 7. a.), and 6-8 sterile (f. 7. a.). Ovarium 6-8-celled. Berry few- seeded from abortion. Seeds albuminous, nucumentaceous.

11 Iwsmica'Rra. Calyx 8-parted. Corolla with a triple series of